Materials Literature
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Molecular dynamics and resulting disorder in the soft crystal, smectic E (SmE) phase, were studied in detail for the title compound, 4-butyl-4'-isothiocyano-1,1'-biphenyl (4TCB), by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and adiabatic calorimetry. The ordered crystal phase of 4TCB was realized for the first time under ambient pressure…
Abstract Summary: The annealing and melting behavior of poly[( R )‐3‐hydroxybutyrate] (P(3HB)) single crystals were followed in real time by synchrotron small‐ (SAXS) and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) measurements. The real‐time SAXS measurements revealed that the P(3HB) single crystal exhibits a discontinuous in…
Current versus voltage (I versus V) and complex impedance, z*(f) = z'(f) − iz''(f), measurements for polyaniline (PANI) films were carried out in samples with different doping levels and gold and/or aluminium as electrodes. The complex impedance of Au/PANI/Au presents the typical behaviour of a somewhat solid disorder…
The double-doped ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.5+0.5x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.5\ensuremath{-}0.5x}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Cr}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ system $(0.01\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.10)$ has been investigated. A training effect by the application of magnetic field is observed. The magnetic hyst…
The structural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of xPMS–(1 − x)PZT ceramics were investigated as a function of Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3 (PMS) content by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dielectric and piezoelectric spectroscopy techniques. All the Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 (PMS–PZT) samples ex…
The low thermal stability of nanoparticles typically restricts their use in catalytic and other applications to low- to moderate-temperature conditions. We present a novel approach to the stabilization of nanosized noble metal particles by embedding them in a high-temperature stabilized hexa-aluminate matrix. The simp…
Abstract The aim of this work is the production of new nanocomposites from metallocene polyethylene‐octene elastomer (POE), montmorillonite and biodegradable starch by means of a melt blending method. Characterizations of clay, modified clay, POE, POE‐g‐AA, and the hybrids produced from polymer, clay, and/or starch we…
Abstract Polypropylene–clay nanocomposites were prepared by a solution technique and a subsequent melt‐mixing process. A titanate coupling agent was used to improve the compatibility of the nanoclay particles with the polypropylene. The dispersion of the nanoclay particles in polypropylene was studied with X‐ray diffr…
Trioctylphosphine oxide- (TOPO-) capped (CdSe)ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were prepared through a stepwise synthesis. The surface chemistry behavior of the QDs at the air-water interface was carefully examined by various physical measurements. The surface pressure-area isotherm of the Langmuir film of the QDs gave an avera…
Abstract Monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with diameters of 200–500 nm were prepared by dispersion polymerization with microwave irradiation with poly( N ‐vinylpyrrolidone) as a steric stabilizer and 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile as a radical initiator in an ethanol/water medium. The morphology, size, and size dist…
Abstract Summary: Pyrolysis‐GC‐MS and TGA‐FT‐IR methods have been used to perform a comparative degradation study of polystyrene and a polystyrene–clay composite. An abnormally high yield of α ‐methylstyrene has been detected for the composite. This and other differences in degradation products have been explained by…
The nanoassembly and photo-crosslinking of diazo-resin (DAR) coatings on small alginate microspheres for stable enzyme entrapment is described. Multilayer nanofilms of DAR with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) were used in an effort to stabilize the encapsulation of glucose oxidase enzyme for biosensor applications. The…
A variety of organic carboxylates and phosphonates have been intercalated into the hexagonal and rhombohedral polymorphs of [LiAl 2 (OH) 6 ]X· m H 2 O, with X = Cl -, Br -, and NO 3 - . The two classes of polytype differ in the stacking sequence of the layers ( aba and abca, respectively). Both the initial interlayer…
Abstract Summary: The mechanical deformation processes of poly(methyl methacrylate)/ montmorillonite nanocomposites and their electrospun fibers were investigated by in situ tensile tests under a transmission electron microscope depending on their morphology. While the polymer nanocomposites deformed in a brittle mann…
The rare-earth borates RE 3 B 5 O 12 (RE = Er−Lu) were prepared by use of high-pressure and high-temperature conditions in a Walker-type multianvil apparatus at 10 GPa and 1100 °C. All compounds crystallize in a novel structure type and possess a new composition, unknown in borate chemistry until now. Interestingly, t…
We report polarized- and unpolarized-neutron scattering measurements of magnetic excitations in single-crystal ${\mathrm{Na}}_{0.75}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{2}$. The data confirm ferromagnetic correlations within the cobalt layers and reveal antiferromagnetic correlations perpendicular to the layers, consistent with an $A$-typ…
Abstract Ground rubber powder (GRP) and devulcanized rubber (Dev.R) waste through a continuous shear‐flow reaction were used as fillers for virgin natural rubber. A Horikx plot and the gel fraction proved that both main‐chain scission and crosslink scission occurred during the devulcanization. The cure characteristics…
Abstract Highly purified cellulose preparations were obtained by pretreatment of dewaxed barley straw, oil palm frond fiber, poplar wood, maize stems, wheat straw, rice straw, and rye straw with 2.0% H 2 O 2 at 45°C and pH 11.6 for 16 h, and sequential purification with 80% acetic acid–70% nitric acid (10/1, v/v) at 1…
Abstract An experimental investigation was designed to establish the distribution of mechanical properties throughout a high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) gas pipe wall. The proposed approach used a continuous and uniform filament that was automatically machined from the pipe on a precision lathe at a very low cutting s…
Cross-linked protein crystals represent a new class of micro- and mesoporous materials with properties potentially useful in technologies as diverse as chiral separations and drug delivery. These applications require the generation of protein crystals in formats and sizes quite distinct from the traditional submillime…