Materials Literature
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The electric permittivities, refractive indices and densities of the homologous series of alkyl-cyano-biphenyls (CnH2n+1.φ.φ.CN) have been measured as a function of temperature in the nematic phases for n = 5 to 9, and in the smectic phases for n = 8 and 9. The results have been analysed in terms of the Maier and Meie…
Abstract Absorbed moisture was found to plasticize the type of cross‐linked epoxy resin system investigated, causing a lowering of the Ta and in turn affecting mechanical response, such as by shifting the relaxation moduli to shorter times. The phenomenon is described and quantified in terms of an existing free volume…
Recently compiled data for the first electron affinity and the first ionization potential are used to obtain values for an atomic electronegativity scale, based on the Mulliken relation. From this scale and a new compilation of work function data, a linear equation is obtained which includes a parameter for any given…
Extensive experiments were conducted on annealed copper under cyclic nonproportional strain histories. After cyclically stabilizing the material by uniaxial cycling, out-of-phase axial-shear strain cycling for the same effective strain range caused additional increases in stress amplitudes to restabilized levels. Foll…
We report the relative HH Raman spectra obtained from high-purity bulk samples of the primary glass formers SiO2, GeO2, B2O3, and P2O5. With 514.5-nm excitation, the peak Raman cross sections of these glasses have relative strengths of 1, 9.2, 4.7, and 5.7, respectively. The superior scattering strength of the latter…
Provides a systematic scientific basis for understanding and controlling the processing of powders and ceramic bodies. Applies a wide range of analytical tools for characterizing agglomerate features throughout the processing steps. Contains electron and optical micrographs and discusses the improvement of product rel…
The phase diagram for the system ZrO 2 ‐Y 2 O 3 was redetermined. The extent of the fluorite‐type ZrO 2 ‐Y z O 3 solid solution field was determined with a high‐temperature X‐ray furnace, precise lattice parameter measurements, and a hydrothermal technique. Long range ordering occurred at 40 mol% Y 2 O 3 and the corre…
Low temperature transmission electron microscopy can be used to study the structure of biological materials in the hydrated state. Spatial averaging techniques are necessary to overcome the radiation damage problems, and for this reason the techniques described are most applicable to crystalline objects. However, with…
An experimental model of a hard-disc system (the two-dimensional analogue of a hard-sphere system) is described. The melting transition is studied qualitatively by a photographic technique. The half-width of the singlet distribution function is measured and compared with results obtained by the method of molecular dyn…
Die von Hrn. Kurlbaum in der heutigen Sitzung mitgeteilten interessanten Resultate der von ihm in Gemeinschaft mit Hrn. Rubens auf dem Gebiete der längsten Spektralwellen ausgeführten Energiemessungen haben die zuerst von den Herren Lummer und Pringsheim auf Grund ihrer Beobachtungen aufgestellte Behauptung nachdrückl…
A theoretical description of the inelastic interactions of electrons with solid polystyrene is presented. The response of the valence electrons to energy and momentum transfers is determined by a model insulator theory; carbon K-shell ionization cross sections are derived from atomic, generalized oscillator strengths.…
Abstract The thermal degradation of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), a commercial fire retardant, and its blends with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) have been studied by thermal volatilization analysis (TVA) and the degradation products identified. APP degrades under vacuum in three stages. Initially it condenses to an…
The turnover of total collagen in several tissues of 12-week-old normotensive and hypertensive rats was estimated by using tritium-labeled proline as a precursor. The effect of reutilization of the label was minimized by treatment with large doses of unlabeled proline subsequent to administering the radioactive imino…
\n\t\t\t\t\tRefractive indices have been measured throughout the nematic phase of 4-n-pentyl-4'cyanobiphenyl (5CB) and the smectic A and nematic phases of 4-n-octyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (8CB). The Vuks and Neugebauer methods of calculating the order parameter are compared. Without knowledge of the molecular polarisabiliti…
Experimental studies have been carried out using crevices of Type 316 stainless steel freely exposed in chloride solutions. The characteristic behaviour of corrosion potential with time, together with morphological evidence, indicates a mechanism in which an induction period precedes the permanent breakdown of passivi…
An extensive survey of the Raman spectral activity of a wide variety of carbon materials has produced experimental evidence for at least five structure‐sensitive lines or bands. In addition to the well‐known, always present 1580 cm −1 graphite line and the 1360 cm −1 disordered carbon line, there is a disorder line at…
Qualitative results of an x-ray photoelectron and optical investigation of three thin-film transition-metal oxides, namely, WO3, MoO3, and V2O5 are reported. Data were obtained on films that were not colored and colored by an electrochromic process. The particular electrochromic coloration process used is electrolytic…
This paper is divided into two parts. The authors’ purpose in Part I is to formulate a set of mathematically consistent governing differential equations of motion describing the nonplanar, nonlinear dynamics of an inextensional beam. The beam is assumed to undergo flexure about two principal axes and torsion. The equa…
A mathematical model of the initiation stage of crevice corrosion has been developed, based on the generally accepted mechanism of oxygen depletion within the crevice, followed by a pH fall and eventually permanent breakdown of the passive film and the onset of rapid corrosion. The model highlights the importance of t…
Organs of fish, amphibian, reptile, bird and mammals when stained by Sirius Red and studied with polarization microscopy present different colors in regions where collagens I, II and III have been described. Collagen type I presented a yellow, orange or red color while collagen type III appeared green. Collagen type I…