Materials Literature
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Mechanical stress or atomic density distribution in passivated metal lines is induced by electromigration, and plays an important role in the mechanism of electromigration damage. Recently, a governing parameter for electromigration damage in passivated polycrystalline lines, atomic flux divergence (AFDgen*), was form…
Like many other prokaryotes, rhizobacteria of the genus Azospirillum produce high levels of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) under suboptimal growth conditions. Utilization of PHB by bacteria under stress has been proposed as a mechanism that favors their compatible establishment in competitive environments, thus show…
Using a phenomenological theory of diffraction gratings made by perturbing a planar waveguide allows us to deduce important properties of the sharp filtering phenomena generated by this kind of structure when the incident light excites a guided wave. It is shown that the resonance phenomenon occurring in these conditi…
Novel diamine monomers, 2,6-bis(3′-trifluoromethyl-p-aminobiphenyl ether)pyridine (TABP) and 2,5-bis(3′-trifluoromethyl-p-aminobiphenyl ether)thiophene (TABT) have been synthesized, which lead to a number of novel fluorinated polyimides by thermal imidization routes when reacted with different commercially available d…
As a part of wood-plastic composite (WPC) material development, this research evaluated the resistance of WPC formulations to fungal decay and biocide leaching. In laboratory tests using small WPC samples exposed directly to brown-rot and white-rot fungi, there were no weight losses caused by decay in most formulation…
Abstract The effect of shear stress on the foaming process has been studied using the Foaming Process Simulator developed previously. The polymer samples were saturated with gas in the test chamber. A rotor was used to apply shear stress to the polymer samples. Foams were obtained by releasing the pressure quickly. Po…
In this paper, we propose a novel technique for the fabrication of active substrates of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). It was found that the silver particles themselves and the analyte-covered silver particles can be trapped at the air−water interface. In the presence of electrolyte, for example, KCl that i…
On the basis of the idea that a quasicrystal is a compound in which the average number of valence electrons per atom is around 2.0 and that its formation is dominated by atom size, stable icosahedral quasicrystals have been successfully synthesized in Ag-In-Ca, Ag-In-Yb, Ag-In-Ca-Mg and Ag- In-Yb-Mg systems. The Ag-In…
Thermal stresses are a critical factor in the development of reliable, fuel efficient, planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In the literature, broad recommendations have been made on the importance of minimising differences in thermal expansion coefficients (TECs) of materials used to fabricate SOFCs. The stresses d…
Variable temperature single-crystal structure analyses for Cs8Na16Si136, Rb8Na16Si136, Cs8Na16Ge136, and Rb8Na16Ge136 are reported along with electrical and thermal transport measurements on two polycrystalline specimens. The strong temperature dependence of the atomic displacement parameters for the alkali-metal atom…
A simple method for birdcage coil design (high pass, low pass, and band pass) is presented. Rather than iteratively approaching the Larmor resonant frequency with known capacitances and calculated inductances, a more versatile approach to birdcage coil design is developed and validated, in which the necessary capacita…
The hydroxylation and dehydroxylation behavior of amorphous silica fracture surfaces was studied using temperature‐programmed static SIMS. The results show that vacuum heat treatments result in more extensive condensation of silanol groups on the silica glass fracture surface as compared to fumed silica (Cabosil). Thi…
The reducibility and H 2 S absorption capacity of cerium oxide and Cu-containing cerium oxide were examined in this work in the temperature range 623−923 K. The sorbents, prepared in bulk oxide form by the urea coprecipitation/gelation method, were composed of a cerium oxide backbone with a small amount of copper (5−4…
Abstract The purpose of this report is to describe the appropriate use of indices relating to crystallinity, such as the ‘crystallinity index’, the ‘Hinckley index’, the ‘Kü bler index’, and the ‘Árkai index’. A ‘crystalline’ solid is defined as a solid consisting of atoms, ions, or molecules packed together in a peri…
Morphology development during reaction-induced phase separation in flexible polyurethane (PU) foam has been studied by time-resolved, small-angle X-ray scattering. Two different PU foaming systems, based on industrial formulations, have been studied. The scattering data have been analyzed using the Cahn−Hilliard model…
This paper outlines the innovations in high functional and high performance fibres for applications in protective clothing, including fibres for flame and heat protection. It also describes some typical woven and non‐woven constructions for such applications. And presents the trends in producing smart textile material…
Abstract The clay mineralogy of soil samples from the Morrow Plot Experiment (University of Illinois, Urbana Campus) was investigated. Analysis of soil samples taken at various intervals between 1913 and 1996 indicates that there is a significant influence of cropping method on the clay minerals in the soils. Curve de…
The incorporation of Er 3+ into BaTiO 3 ceramics was investigated on samples containing 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 8, and 10 at.% of dopant, after sintering at 1350–1550°C in air. For Er 3+ concentrations ≤1 at.%, dense and large‐grained ceramics with low room‐temperature resistivity (10 2 –10 3 Ω·cm) were obtained. The observe…
[reaction: see text] The combination of the ionic liquid [bmim]PF(6) and DMAP provides a most simple and practical approach to the immobilization of OsO(4) as catalyst for olefin dihydroxylation. Both the catalyst and the ionic liquid can be repeatedly recycled and reused in the dihydroxylation of a variety of olefins…
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were oxidatively functionalized by nitric acid treatment. The presence of carboxyl groups was proven by IR spectroscopy, matching earlier IR and NMR observations. Raman spectra in the radial breathing mode (RBM) and G line spectral windows were measured with six laser lines ranging…