Materials Literature
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The definition of molecular cooperativity is discussed. The characteristic length of the glass transition describes the size of this cooperativity. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and heat capacity spectroscopy (HCS) results of a series of poly(n-alkyl methacrylates) (alkyl = methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pent…
Nanoparticles are polymeric particles in the nanometer size range whereas microparticles are particles in the micrometre size range. Both types of particle are used as drug carriers into which drugs or antigens may be incorporated in the form of solid solutions or solid dispersions or onto which these materials may be…
Elongated, hexagonal-prismatic seed crystals are the starting point for the hierarchical growth of anisotropic spherical aggregates of fluorapatite in gelatin matrices. Discrete dumbbell-shaped aggregates (scanning electron microscope image shown on the right) are formed by self-similar, branched, needlelike upgrowths…
A novel ceramic synthesis technique, combustion synthesis, was explored to produce red‐emitting Cr 3+ ‐doped Y 3 A1 5 O 12 and Eu 3+ ‐doped Y 2 O 3 phosphors with improved physical and luminescent properties. This technique involves the reaction of metal nitrates (oxidizers) and an organic fuel (urea, carbohydrazide,…
Benthic diatoms and water chemistry were sampled from 49 stream sites in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands region of the United States to evaluate the use of diatoms as indicators of environmental conditions in streams across varying geographic and ecoregional areas. Diatom samples were collected from depositional and erosio…
(1996). Applications of Chitin and Chitosan for Biomaterials. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews: Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 383-420.
Abstract The composites discussed in this review are prepared using techniques similar to those used in the new sol‐gel approach to ceramics. Organometallis such as silicates, titanates, and aluminates are hydrolyzed in the presence of polymer chains (for example polysiloxanes and polyimides) that typically contain hy…
As part of a general work on doped manganese perovskites, we have carried out detailed neutron-scattering experiments on powder and single crystals of the othorhombic phase of undoped LaMn${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$. The temperature dependence of the sublattice magnetization has been determined in the antiferromagnetic phase (…
The Journal of Phycology was founded in 1965 by the Phycological Society of America. All aspects of basic and applied research on algae are included to provide a common medium for the ecologist, physiologist, cell biologist, molecular biologist, morphologist, oceanographer, taxonomist, geneticist, and biochemist. The…
The effect of Fe doping (20%) on the Mn site in the ferromagnetic ($x=0.37$) and the antiferromagnetic ($x=0.53$) phases of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has been studied. The same ionic radii of ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$ and ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{3+}$ cause no structure change in…
A study was conducted on the effects of microstructure, atmosphere, and several dopants on the electrical conductivity of bismuth titanate (Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 , BIT). Increased grain size increased the conductivity in undoped BIT as did acceptor dopants that substituted for either Bi (Ca and Sr) or Ti (Fe). A donor dopant…
We present a molecular-dynamics study of the self-dynamics of water molecules in deeply supercooled liquid states. We find that the decay of single-particle dynamics correlation functions is characterized by a fast initial relaxation toward a plateau and by a region of self-similar dynamics, followed at late times by…
Electron configurations close to the tetrahedral hybridization are found in pure amorphous carbon at a concentration which depends on preparation conditions. Tetrahedral bonding at levels of approximately 80% is found in amorphous carbons formed from beams of carbon ions with energies in a `window' between 20 eV and a…
Article Determination of hemicelluloses and pectins in wood and pulp fibres by acid methanolysis and gas chromatography was published on December 1, 1996 in the journal Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal (volume 11, issue 4).
Other| December 01, 1996 Thermodynamics of order-disorder in minerals; II, Symmetric formalism applied to solid solutions Tim Holland; Tim Holland University of Cambridge, Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Roger Powell Roger Powell Univ…
One of the ultimate objectives for sintering studies is to be able to predict densiflcation results under different thermal histories for a given processing method. It has been reported that the geometric parameters related to sintering often are functions only of density for a given powder and green‐body process, pro…
Novel liquid-crystal devices are described that generate linearly polarized light with axial symmetry; the beam propagation axis is the symmetry axis. Such light fields can be characterized by a polarization order number P. For example, P = 1 fields represent radially or azimuthally polarized light. The reorientation…
Abstract We consider the rheological behaviour of felsic magma in the zone of partial melting and during subsequent crystallization. We also introduce and combine concepts (mushy zone, percolation theory, granular flow, shear localization) derived from the non-geological literature and apply them to field observations…
The role of grain boundaries in the magnetoresistance (MR) properties of the manganites has been investigated by comparing the properties of epitaxial and polycrystalline films of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.67}{D}_{0.33}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}} (D=\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex…
Unlike Y123 which forms only a stoichiometric compound, the light rare earth elements (LREs: La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd) form a solid solution . The presence of such solid solution caused a depression in the superconducting transition temperatures , particularly for La123, Nd123 and Sm123 when they are melt processed in air.…