Materials Literature
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Abstract A stream of atomic oxygen, produced by passing oxygen at low pressure through a radio‐frequency coil, was allowed to impinge on films prepared from several dozen different polymers. The flow of oxygen radicals was regulated so that the reaction temperatures were between 40 and 70°C. The rapid reactions which…
Formation of the Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 solid solution in the system PbO‐TiO 2 ‐ZrO 2 was studied by chemical analysis and X‐ray powder diffrac‐tometry. Only PbTiO 3 and Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 were found as reaction products. The following three elementary reactions seemed to be reasonable for the formation of the Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 phase: PbO…
Growth of the planktonic, euryhaline diatom (Bacillariophyceae) Thalassiosira fluviatilis, both in nature and in culture, is accompanied by the production of a large amount of extracellular "mucilage". This mucilagenous condition is due to the formation of long, narrow fibers, composed of a number of microfibrils, whi…
It is the purpose of this paper to report that all corrosion processes that produce no insoluble end products and evolve hydrogen follow a single kinetic law.
A radial heat flow technique was used to measure the thermal conductivity, k , of polycrystalline UO 2 in the range ‐57° to 1100°C. The technique yielded results with a probable accuracy of ±1.5% and a precision of ±0.1% in the range 50° to 1100°C. Meaningful measurements were limited to 1100°C by Pt‐90 Pt10Rh thermoc…
By more precise variable angle monochromatic fringe observation (VAMFO), it has been found possible to improve the precision of thickness determinations of transparent thin films (800 Å to several microns) on reflective substrates to better than 0.1%, and to extend the determination of the refractive index to films as…
The effect of proximal rigid boundaries on the motion and damage capabilities of spark bubbles is investigated by means of a qualitative photographic study. It is determined that an axially symmetric bubble collapsing nonhemispherically against a solid boundary can form a liquid jet which impinges against the solid bo…
Conventionally, the theory of boundary scattering ignores the dependence of the reflection coefficient (p) on the electron wave vector. An alternative possibility, that the reflection coefficient changes abruptly from 1 to 0 when the change of wave vector on specular reflection exceeds a certain value, is explored her…
The crystal structure of Ga2—xFexO3, with 0.7≤x≤1.4, has been determined at 298°K by x-ray diffraction. Ga2—xFexO3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pc21n, with lattice constants a = 8.7512±0.0008, b = 9.3993±0.0003, c = 5.0806±0.0002 Å and eight formula weights in the unit cell. The complete scatte…
Abstract The effect of cooling, nucleation, and spherulitic growth rates on the properties of polypropylene is discussed briefly. A differential thermal analysis technique is described for evaluating the relative extent of heterogeneous nucleation that occurs in a particular polypropylene composition. The method is ba…
Measurements have been made of the fraction of an electron beam backscattered from thin films of copper and gold at incident energies from 5 to 25 kev. The results from very thin films indicate that approximately 50% of backscattering from a solid target must be due to single scattering. A comparison with existing the…
The electrical conductivity of M 2 O 3 ‐ZrO 2 compositions containing 6 to 24 mole % M 2 O 3 , where M represents La, Sm, Y, Yb, or Sc, was examined. Only Sm 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , and Yb 2 O 3 formed cubic solid solutions with ZrO 2 over most of this substitutional range. Scandia forms a wide cubic solid solution region w…
Abstract A study has been made of the effect of increased time of mixing carbon black in rubber on the dynamic properties of the carbon black‐rubber vulcanizates. Increased time of mixing reduces the dynamic modulus and dynamic viscosity as well as the phase angle at moderate amplitudes of oscillation. The changes in…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Measurement of Surface Tension by the Pendant Drop TechniqueClyde E. StaufferCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1965, 69, 6, 1933–1938Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j…
Dielectric constant κ′, loss κ″, and conductivity σ of single crystals of CoO, NiO, and mixed crystals of CoO–NiO as a function of frequency from 102 to 1010 cps and temperature from −193°C to 400°C have been determined. The dielectric constant κ′ is constant (12.9 at 25°C) in the whole frequency range in CoO. It decr…
We have correlated the experimentally measured intensities of the solution absorption spectra of Pr3+, Nd3+, Er3+, Tm3+, and Yb3+ in three different solvents with a theoretical expression derived by Judd. The expression, P=Σ lim λTλσ(fNψJ‖∪(λ)‖fNψJ′′)2λ=2,4,6is derived from a theory in which the ligand-field interacti…
The temperature dependence of the complex dielectric constants at 9.2 Gc/sec are reported for a series of partially deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals as well as for a potassium dihydrogen arsenate and an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate crystal. The transition temperature, the high-temperature loss tange…
The assignment of the normal-mode spectrum in perovskites has been achieved by a comparison of the vibrations of calcium, strontium, barium, and lead titanates and zirconates. In addition, for the antiferro-electric material lead zirconate, about 90% of the value of the low-frequency dielectric constant is the result…
The effects of data termination and systematic errors on the radial distribution functions of liquids obtained from x-ray diffraction data are investigated with the aid of a computer. A general procedure for the elimination of spurious detail is presented, and new data for liquid mercury and lead are analyzed. Compari…
It is shown that the existence of an orbital degeneracy in the $3d$ band may lead to a change of sign of the magnetostriction, when this degeneracy goes through the Fermi level. Such a change of sign is observed in the Fe-Ni and Co-Ni alloy series (permalloy), at an electron concentration of 27.7 electrons per atom. A…