Materials Literature
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Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells have shown promise to offer several potential advantages over conventional anode (Ni-YSZ) supported cells, such as increased resistance against mechanical and thermal stresses and a reduction in materials cost. The purpose of this work is to illustrate how the metal-supported cel…
In this paper, several strategies for biogas reforming and their ensuing effects on solid-oxide-fuel-cell performance are explored. Synthesized biogas (65% CH4 + 35% CO2) fuel streams are reformed over a rhodium catalyst supported on a porous alumina-foam support. Reforming approaches include steam reforming and catal…
NiO-YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) supported micro-tubular LSM ((La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3)-YSZ/YSZ/NiO-YSZ solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have been prepared by a phase-inversion method. SEM results show that a novel asymmetric microstructure was obtained, with large finger-like pores on inner wall which can be…
The SOFC development at Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S (TOFC) and Riso̸ DTU is based on a R&D consortium which includes material development and manufacturing of materials, cells and stacks with metallic interconnects focussing on high electrochemical performance, durability and robustness. A significant effort is directed…
La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3-δ - Gd doped Ceria (LSCF-GDC) symmetric cathode cells were electrochemically tested at 600°C, after aging at various times and temperatures ranging from 650-850°C. The observed increases in polarization resistance were fit using a combined surface resistance and power-law coarsening kinetics mod…
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) technologies allow for a variety of microstructural morphologies. PVD is especially qualified for the production of dense ceramic layers at comparatively moderate substrate temperatures. This paper discusses the physical vapor deposition of SOFC functional layers, comprising perovskites…
In the metal supported SOFCs (MS-SOFCs), conventional sintering route for cathode layer appears unfeasible due to excessive oxidation of metal support in air at sintering temperatures and degradation of perovkites during sintering in low oxygen partial pressures. The novel process of suspension plasma spraying (SPS),…
Praseodymium doped cerium oxide (PCO) shows mixed ionic and electronic conducting (MIEC) characteristics at relatively high pO2 (e.g. air) and enhanced oxygen storage capacity (OSC) resulting from the ready reduction of Pr to its trivalent state. These features are important in applications such as solid oxide fuel ce…
We report on the mechanistic effects of epitaxial strain on the surface chemistry, in particular the segregation of Sr cations on La 0.7 Sr 0.3 MnO 3 (LSM) model dense thin films. Our results show that the LSM film surfaces are layered and exhibit strain-dependent nanoscale lateral structures. All surfaces examined he…
Based on first principles DFT calculations, we analyze activation energies of oxygen vacancy migration in several complex ABO3-type perovskite candidate materials for SOFC cathodes and permeation membranes ((La(Co,Fe)O3-δ (LCF) and (Ba,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3-δ (BSCF))The atomic relaxation, charge redistribution and energies of…
Novel biodegradable three-dimensional (3D) composites with good mechanical properties have been prepared by coagulation of a chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (CS/PVP) solution in NaOH. For example, the strength and modulus of CS/PVP (1/1) were 82.5 MPa and 1.86 GPa, increasing 237% and 644% compared with CS, respectivel…
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) is known to offer the required adhesion to chemically vapor deposited diamond coatings for demanding mechanical solicitations but the nature of their strong interface is not well know. Focused ion beam preparation preserved such thin layer for high resolution transmission electron microscopy. C…
This paper reports on the synthesis of Cannabis indica fiber-reinforced composites using Urea-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (URF) as a novel matrix through compression molding technique. The polycondensation between urea, resorcinol, and formaldehyde in different molar ratios was applied to the synthesis of the URF polymer…
We investigate ballistic thermoelectric transport in double-bend nanowires. The geometric confinement induces quantum interference effect, which results in large Seebeck coefficient. The Seebeck coefficient (both the sign and the amplitude) is tunable by changing the structural parameters of the double-bend nanowires.…
Abstract This paper reports the application of a polymethacrylate hydroxyethylene resin based electrolyte in electrochromic (EC) devices. The electrolyte is characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, visible spectroscopy, TGA, DSC, and DRX and tested as an ionic conductor in an EC device with the followi…
Long-term durability is one of the most important technological issues for SOFC system development. Life time of SOFCs can be critically affected by foreign species, including impurities and minor constituents in fuels and oxidants, from the raw materials of cell components, and from system components. This paper summ…
Ceramic electrode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have attracted much attention due to their potential redox stability, carbon resistance and sulfur tolerance. Here a perovskite based on Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ (SFMO), which demonstrates excellent redox stability and high electrical conductivity in both reducin…
Since 2004, stationary SOFC CHP systems using flatten tubular segmented-in-series (FT-SIS) cells stacks have been developed by Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Gastar Co., Ltd., Rinnai Corporation and Kyocera Corporation to construct small-scale CHP systems which excel in performance and durability. In 2008, we have succeeded in…
We study theoretically the effect of spin-orbit coupling and sublattice asymmetry in graphene on the spin polarization of photoelectrons. We show that sublattice asymmetry in graphene not only opens a gap in the band structure, but in the case of finite spin-orbit interaction it also gives rise to an out-of-plane spin…
Abstract Octaphenylsilsesquioxane (PH‐POSS) and octa(γ‐methacryloxypropyl)silsesquioxane (MA‐POSS) were successfully synthesized by hydrolytic condensation of phenyltrichlorosilane and γ‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), 1 H and 29 Si nuclear magnetic resonanc…