Materials Literature
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The manufacturing of water droplets wrapped with two different powders, carbon black (semiconductor) and polytetrafluoroethylene (dielectric), is presented. Droplets composed of two hemispheres (Janus droplets) characterized by various physical and chemical properties are reported first. Watermelon-like striped liquid…
A detailed study of the magnetic and transport properties of Si1-xMnx (X = 0.35) films is presented. We observe the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in these films up to room temperature. The results of the magnetic measurements and the AHE data are consistent and demonstrate the existence of long-range ferromagnetic (FM)…
We predict a quantum phase transition in fcc Ca under hydrostatic pressure. Using density functional theory, we find at pressures below 80 kbar, the topology of the electron charge density is characterized by nearest neighbor atoms connected through bifurcated bond paths and deep minima in the octahedral holes. At pre…
We present a new theoretical approach to the kinetics of micelle formation in surfactant solutions, in which the various stages of aggregation are treated as constrained paths on a single free-energy landscape. Three stages of well-separated time scales are distinguished. The first and longest stage involves homogeneo…
We experimentally demonstrate the first metamaterial "illusion optics" device--an "invisible gateway" by using a transmission-line medium. The device contains an open channel that can block waves at a particular frequency range. We also demonstrate that such a device can work in a broad frequency range.
We present a general catalyst design to synthesize ultrahigh density, aligned forests of carbon nanotubes by cyclic deposition and annealing of catalyst thin films. This leads to nanotube forests with an area density of at least 10(13) cm(-2), over 1 order of magnitude higher than existing values, and close to the lim…
Large-area single crystal monolayer graphene is synthesized on Ni(111) thin films, which have flat terraces and no grain boundaries. The flat single-crystal Ni films are heteroepitaxially grown on MgO(111) substrates using a buffer layer technique. Low-energy electron diffraction and various spectroscopic methods reve…
The unusual magnetoelectric effects observed in the multiferroic phase arising below TN=6.7K in Ba2CoGe2O7 (BCG) are related to the spontaneous toroidal moment existing in this compound. The transition to the multiferroic state, which involves spontaneous magnetization, polarization and toroidal moment gives rise to s…
The electronic structure and structural evolution of hydrogenated graphene are investigated by Raman spectroscopy with multiple excitations. The excitation energy dependent saturation effect on the ratio of integrated intensities of D and G modes (ID/IG) is revealed and further developed as a quick method for estimati…
The powdery nature and high alkali content of vegetable ashes make them ideal raw materials to be used as modifiers of silicate compositions (glasses, enamels and ceramics). Their utilisation since ancient times is described in the literature of the history of glasses, but studies on the analyses of their composition…
Large scale synthesis of single layer graphene (SLG) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has received a lot of attention recently. However, CVD synthesis of AB stacked bi-layer graphene (BLG) is still a challenging work. Here we report synthesis of BLG homogeneously in large area by thermal CVD. The 2D Raman band of CV…
Cryogenic treatment (CT) of materials has shown significant improvement in their properties. Various advantages like increase in wear resistance, reduced residual stresses, increase in hardness, fatigue resistance, toughness imparted by transformation of retained austenite to martensite, precipitation of carbides, eta…
In this article we map out the thickness dependence of the resistivity of individual graphene strips, from single layer graphene through to the formation of graphitic structures. We report exceptionally low resistivity values for single strips and demonstrate that the resistivity distribution for single strips is anom…
The energy of an arbitrary graphene edge, from armchair (A) to zigzag (Z) orientation, is derived in analytical form. It contains a "chemical phase shift" determined by the chemical conditions at the edge. Direct atomistic computations support the universal nature of the relationship, definitive for graphene formation…
Graphene has been attracting wide interests owing to its excellent electronic, thermal, and mechanical performances. Despite the availability of several production techniques, it is still a great challenge to achieve wafer-size graphene with acceptable uniformity and low cost, which would determine the future of graph…
We theoretically investigate microwave transmission through a zero-index metamaterial loaded with dielectric defects. The metamaterial is impedance matched to free space, with the permittivity and permeability tending towards zero over a given frequency range. By simply varying the radii and permittivities of the defe…
The kinetics of cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanocrystal formation was studied using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy integrated with an automated, high-throughput synthesis platform. Reaction of anhydrous cadmium octadecylphosphonate (Cd-ODPA) with alkylphosphine selenides (1, tri-n-octylphosphine selenide; 2, di-n-buty…
Nanoparticles from the rapidly increasing number of consumer products that contain manufactured nanomaterials are being discharged into waste streams. Increasing evidence suggests that several classes of nanomaterials may accumulate in sludge derived from wastewater treatment and ultimately in soil following land appl…
One of the important but often overlooked considerations in the design of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates for trace detection is the efficiency of sample collection. Conventional designs based on rigid substrates such as silicon, alumina, and glass resist conformal contact with the surface under in…
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among the American male population, and the cost of treating prostate cancer patients is about $10 billion/year in the United States. Current treatments are mostly ineffective against advanced-stage prostate cancer and are often associated with severe…