Materials Literature
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We derived a closed-form solution for the pressure required to open a spherical or a cylindrical cavity in brittle materials which demonstrate a two-curve pressure–shear behavior. The material is allowed to crack under tension and fail under shear; only both failure modes result in comminution. Since the cavity expans…
Effects of sulfate (SO42−) and nitrate (NO3−) ion additives on pit growth of pure aluminum were investigated in 0.1 M sodium chloride (NaCl) solution as a function of anion concentration using a potentiodynamic polarization experiment, a potentiostatic current transient technique, and optical microscopy. The increase…
Longitudinal wave propagation is controlled using shape memory inserts placed along rods. The inserts act as sources of impedance mismatch with tunable characteristics. Such characteristics are attributed to the unique behavior of the shape memory alloy whereby the elastic modulus significantly increases as the alloy…
Particles of the green luminescent Zn 2 SiO 4 :Mn having size of 0.3–1.3 µm was directly prepared by spray pyrolysis without post-annealing processes. Characteristics of as-prepared particles such as crystallinity, morphology, and photoluminescence were investigated. Zn 2 SiO 4 :Mn particles with spherical morphology,…
Low-resistivity indium–tin–oxide (ITO) films (8.9×10−5–2.3×10−4 Ω cm), 80±20 nm thick grown by combining pulsed laser deposition and laser irradiation of the substrate were studied in relation to tin (Sn) doping content. Films with Sn doping content over the range 0–10 wt % were deposited at room temperature (RT) and…
The total energies and the magnetic moments of Ru for HCP, BCC, FCC, BCT structures were calculated by using a first-principle full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FLAPW) method based on the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). HCP has the lowest energy among the structures calculated, which agrees wit…
The immobilization of surfactant anions (e.g., dodecylsulfate, DS) in PPy films leads to stable, well conducting polymer films, and the film shows sensitivity to several kinds of gases and vapors. According to the generally accepted interpretation in the literature, the pattern of the interaction between the films and…
Novel ortho-palladated phenylpyrimidine-1,3-diketonato organyls with successively increasing numbers of alkyl chains were synthesized and investigated by polarizing optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A discontinuous transition from a lamellar to a columnar organization is observed, dependent on the number of ch…
Polyelectrolyte microcapsules are fabricated by a one-step surface precipitation and by a layer-by-layer technique on decomposable colloids. The ternary solvent water/acetone/sodium bromide is adjusted properly keeping dissolved simultaneously the strong polyelectrolytes sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) and poly(vinyl b…
Pulsed plasma polymerization of maleic anhydride leads to the deposition of well-defined anhydride functionalized films. These layers readily undergo reaction with amine-terminated nucleophiles to produce surface amide linkages that convert into cyclic imide groups upon heating. Potential applications include adhesion…
The anionic 5,10,15-tris(4-carboxyphenyl), 20-mono(2-nitrophenyl) porphyrin (1), 5,10(or 15)-bis(4-carboxyphenyl), 15(or 10),20-bis(2-nitrophenyl)porphyrin (2) and 5-mono(4-carboxyphenyl), 10,15,20-tris(2-nitrophenyl)porphyrin (3) were sinthesized directly by reaction of pyrrole with substituted benzaldehydes in nitro…
In this article a study of the transmission factor of the Omicron EA125 analyzer equipped with the universal lens is presented. The procedure is based on a model by Cross and Castle [J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 22, 53 (1981)] and is applicable to every spectrometer which can be operated in the constant analy…
PETROBRAS is conducting a research project with the purpose of investigating the behavior of pipeline with long corrosion defects. In the first phase of this project, burst tests of 9 tubular specimens containing a single external simulated corrosion defect were carried out. These specimens were cut from longitudinal…
Freedericksz measurements were performed on mixtures of a nematic mesogen and a V-shaped molecule. The bend elastic constant was found to decrease significantly with increasing concentration of the V-shaped molecule. The results are discussed theoretically, taking into account the detailed structure of the molecules.
Six samples of styrene−butadiene block copolymers (sPS−B 1 − 6 ) containing a range of styrene molar fractions ( x S = 0.9−0.16) were prepared using MAO-activated CpTiCl 3 and converted to the corresponding styrene-1-butene-ethylene terpolymers (sPS−PE, 1h − 6h ) through the selective hydrogenation of the unsaturated…
Transmission and reflection of light normally incident on a layer of a medium with dielectric and magnetic helicities is studied. The axes of local tensors $$\hat \varepsilon$$ and $$\hat \mu$$ and the helix axis are parallel to one another and perpendicular to the boundary surfaces. Jones matrices are constructed. Re…
Abstract We present a new technology for removing free and dissolved hydrocarbons from oilfield produced water. Organoclay completely removes free hydrocarbons from wastewaters and also removes dissolved hydrocarbons including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). When used in conjunction with a polishing…
Abstract Morphological and mechanical properties of polypropylene [PP]/poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) [EVA] blends have been studied. Infrared results using thin films first indicated a transition toward compatibility between both components at concentrations above 40% EVA. The transition was verified with different exp…
The structure of okayamalite from Arendal, Norway, was refined using the Rietveld method, with CoKα powder X-ray diffraction data (R F = 3.69%). Okayamalite exhibits a melilite-type structure, space group P4̅21m, with cell edges a = 7.1248(2), c = 4.8177(2) Å. Si and B are ordered on the T1 and T2 sites respectively,…
The atomic and electronic structure of the β‐silicon nitride (β‐Si 3 N 4 ) crystal have been determined using the ab initio pseudopotential method based on the density functional theory. We have obtained the stable lattice parameters and the stable positions of 14 atoms in the unit cell for the structure P 6 3 / m for…