Materials Literature
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Time‐resolved reflectivity (TRR) measurements have been used to determine the growth kinetics of both the amorphous‐to‐γ‐phase and the γ‐to‐α phase transformations of alumina films that have been deposited on (0001), (1210), and (0112) sapphire substrates. The activation energies for the amorphous‐to‐γ‐phase and γ‐to‐…
2‘,6‘,3‘‘‘,5‘‘‘-Tetraphenyl- or tetra(4-biphenylyl)-4,4‘‘‘‘-diamino- p -quinquephenyls were synthesized from the corresponding pyrylium salts. Using them as starting materials, rigid-rod polyamides and polyimides containing phenyl or 4-biphenylyl side groups on the p -quinquephenyl segments of the backbone were prepar…
Preferential diffusion of deuterated solvents into the amorphous regions of a semicrystalline polymer enhances the contrast between the crystalline and amorphous regions measurable by small-angle neutron scattering. This scattering in nylons from the diffusion of D 2 O and deuterated ethylene glycol (d-EG) is analyzed…
The magnetic properties of the LaCo 13- x Al x and LaFe 13- x Al x compounds have been calculated, and the valence electronic structures of these compounds have been analyzed using empirical electron theory. In general, the calculated results agree with those of the experiments. Analysis of the electronic structures r…
The X-ray crystal structure refinements of two synthetic calcite single crystals containing 3.1 and 5.7 mol% magnesium were carried out. The structure of the second crystal was also refined at –80 °C. No significant structural difference from biogenic magnesium calcite was found. Magnesium within the crystals of calci…
The oxygen index (OI) of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) tends to decrease when it is combined with milled-glass fibres either with or without the sizing treatment. This shows that the previously found apparent increase of flammability of PBT glass fibre composites (GFPBT) as compared to PBT is not due to the intro…
With the aim of increasing the number of structurally characterized dimetallic (CuII, LnIII) complexes, we have obtained a strictly dinuclear (CuII, GdIII) complex 1 in which, according to structural data, the two metal ions are triply bridged. Then, we have investigated the capability of Cusalen precursors for comple…
Synthetic methods have been developed which yield large single crystals and highly crystalline phase-pure microporous layered SnS-n materials. This allows study of the structure–property–function relations of these materials. The tin sulfide layer of the SnS-1 structure type contains hexagonally shaped 24-atom rings w…
Photocatalytic activities of Ga2−xInxO3 solid solutions consisting of β-Ga2O3 with a wide band gap and In2O3 with a medium band gap were studied in order to develop new photocatalysts based on oxide solid solutions. The Ga2−xInxO3 solid solutions were characterized by X-ray diffraction, surface area, diffuse reflectio…
We have investigated electrical conduction phenomena during high-electric-field poling of a standard covalently functionalized DR-1 side-chain polymer. We performed electric current and second-harmonic measurements simultaneously to derive the effective internal field strength. Various metals and transparent indium ti…
Starburst dendrimers are novel nanoscopic synthetic polymers of defined molecular mass and geometry. These macromolecules, available in commercial quantities, contain methyl carboxylate and primary amino-terminal groups. The presence of these groups on any macromolecule limits its usefulness especially in cases where,…
Diffraction gratings with feature sizes comparable to the wavelength are analyzed with a finite-difference time-domain method, which is a unique approach to electromagnetic problems in the time domain. The diffraction efficiencies obtained are in good agreement with other commonly used numerical methods in the frequen…
Self-assembled metal chalcogenide open-framework materials such as that shown in the Figure—a projection on the [100] plane of the structure of a microporous layered tin(IV) sulfide (DABCOH)2Sn3S7 1, where DABCOH denotes singly protonated 1,8-diazabicyclooctane—are of interest for chemical sensing applications. A “ver…
Properties such as chemical and structural stability, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity are investigated, with the purpose of better characterizing the behaviour of Czochralski grown GdCOB [Ca4GdO(BO3)3], oxoborate single crystals, to be used in optical devices.
Aluminium alkoxide moieties are grafted onto purely siliceous mesoporous MCM-41 via siloxide linkages, producing materials which reveal enhanced catalytic activity in the MPV reduction of cyclic ketones; nitrogen physisorption and 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy are applied to characterise the catalytically active hybrid sy…
2,2′-Bipyridines are known to coordinate to a wide variety of metal centres. In this paper, liquid-crystalline two-chained (dicatenar), four-chained (tetracatenar) and six-chained (hexacatenar) bipyridines are synthesised and their mesomorphism is described. For the tetracatenar bipyridines, a full homologous series,…
An account is given of the research that has been carried out on mechanical alloying/milling (MA/MM) during the past 25 years. Mechanical alloying, a high energy ball milling process, has established itself as a viable solid state processing route for the synthesis of a variety of equilibrium and non-equilibrium phase…
Cobalt(ii)–iron(iii) mixed hydroxides with hydrotalcite-like structure have been synthesized. Depending on the experimental conditions during synthesis, CoII becomes partially oxidized to CoIII . The solids have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction and nitrogen a…
Secondary electron (SE) imaging of semiconductors reveals contrast between n- and p-type areas that can serve as the basis for a two-dimensional dopant profiling technique. In this article, recent experiments that address sensitivity, spatial resolution, calibration methodology, p/n junction effects, and sample prepar…
Nano-sized copper(i) oxide particles dispersed in nylon 11 thin films have been prepared by a thermal relaxation technique. The obtained composite films were characterized by XRD, HRTEM, XPS, AES and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. Upon heat treatment under air, metallic copper initially deposited on the nylon 11 surf…