Materials Literature
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A recent computational study (Chaumont, A; Wipff, G. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2008, 10, 6940) showed that, in spite of their high charge and spherical shape, polyoxometalate α-PW 12 O 40 3− Keggin anions PW 3− can “attract each other” and form oligomers in water. This led us to speculate that these anions should also d…
Magnetostriction in nonoriented (NO) electrical steels is a harmful source of vibration and acoustic noise in electrical machines. It is far more anisotropic than specific power loss, which results in more complexity in prediction of the vibration and acoustic noise. An investigation of the anisotropy in magnetostrict…
We have successfully synthesized core−shell nanoparticles with a silica fluorescent core and a methacrylate shell for application in photoactive high performance coatings and paints. Silica core particles with diameters between 270 and 440 nm and low polydispersity were labeled with a perylenediimide derivate with two…
Substituted strontium ferrites SrFe12-xMgx/2Snx/2O19(x=1 , 2 and 3) were prepared by sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), AC susceptometer, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and vector network analyzer were used to analyze the structure, static and dynamic magnetic propert…
Nanodiamond particles (ND, 4-6 nm in size) were added to a simulated body fluid (SBF) and electrodeposition (ED) at biological conditions (370C, pH 7.4) was performed on Ti surfaces. The novelty in this work was the addition of the ND particles to the SBF solution used as the electrolyte for the ED of biomimetic HA. T…
The Liquid Tin Anode solid oxide fuel cell (LTA-SOFC) has a demonstrated capability for direct fuel conversion using virtually any carbonaceous fuel. Two most notable applications under development are direct logistic fuel JP-8 conversion and direct coal (and biomass) conversion. For example a Gen 3.1 cell using logis…
Ceramic Fuel Cells Limited (CFCL) has developed a highly efficient and stable solid oxide fuel cell stack for the micro-CHP and electrical generator markets operating on natural gas producing electricity to the grid at 1 - 2 kWe. Stack life of over one year with less than 0.5% per 1000 hours voltage degradation has be…
The Integrated Project Real-SOFC joined 26 partners from throughout Europe active in SOFC technology. The project was funded by the European Commission within the 6th Framework Programme and aimed at improving the durability of planar SOFC stacks to degradation rates of well below 1% per 1 000 hours of operation. This…
Magnetic investigation of spinel ferrite nanoparticles dispersed in biocompatible polymeric microspheres is reported in this study. X-ray diffraction data analysis confirms the presence of nanosized CoFe2O4particles (mean size of ~8 nm). This finding is corroborated by transmission electron microscopy micrographs. Mag…
We investigate near-field imaging of a point dipole by a lossy, nanoscale metamaterial slab. Making use of the electromagnetic angular-spectrum representation, we derive the Green tensor for the field transmission through the metamaterial slab, duly considering multiple reflections, polarizations, and wave-vector sign…
The SOFC group at FZJ has assembled and tested more than 350 SOFC stacks rated between 100 W and 15 kW during the last 15 years. The research topics covered stretch from materials over stack design, manufacturing of cells, stacks and components, mechanical and electrochemical characterisation, up to system design and…
The growth mechanism of shape-selected synthesis of nanocrystals in all systems can be attributed to an oriented surface assembly process of growth units, in the present of additives or not. In this article, we present an example displaying the influence of the surface reconstruction process of nuclei on the shape-sel…
Family behavior of excitons is studied in carbon nanotubes based on a k · p scheme. Effects responsible for family pattern are characterized by two parameters β representing higher-order terms in the effective Hamiltonian responsible for trigonal warping and p representing amount of effective flux due to curvature and…
The effects of Cr poisoning on the catalytic activity of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) and the poisoning mechanism was investigated. AC impedance spectroscopy and temperature programmed isotopic exchange (TPX) were consistent in proving poisoning mainly degraded the surface catalytic activity as a passive layer evol…
For the design of miniature electrical machines of high power density, it is necessary to measure magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet at high magnetic flux density. The JIS standard single-sheet tester (SST) is insufficient to measure magnetic properties at high magnetic flux density around 2.0 T. In this pa…
The locally-resolved degradation behavior was studied during 1900 hours in a SOFC repeat-element. In-situ measurements of local electrochemical performance were made on 18 locations over a segmented anode-supported cell. The evolution of local current densities, overpotentials and area-specific resistances was studied…
Nanoporous materials have become indispensable in many fields ranging from photonics, catalysis and semiconductor processing to biosensor infrastructure. Rapid and energy efficient process fabrication of these materials is, however, nontrivial. In this communication, we describe a simple method for the rapid fabricati…
Abstract Polylactide (PLA)/montmorillonite (MMT) cationic clay and PLA/hydrotalcite (HT) anionic clay composites at 5wt% clay were melt compounded and characterized for morphology before and after hydrolytic degradation. Semicrystalline and amorphous polymers were used as well as noncalcined and calcined clays. The ad…
The basic research and development for SOFC technology began in 1989, and included two phases prior to 2001. In Phase 3, from 2001 to 2004, we carried out the development of thermal self-supporting modules, which resulted in high performance, cost effective and reliable modules. To prepare for the demonstration for in…
We report bright white-light electroluminescence (EL) from a diode structure consisting of a ZnO nanorod (NR) and a p-type conducting polymer of poly(fluorine) (PF) fabricated using a hydrothermal method. ZnO NRs are successfully grown on an organic layer of PF using a modified seeding layer. The EL spectrum shows a b…