Materials Literature
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Samples of Pb-Sn eutectic alloy with a high density of 8.5 x 10(3) kg/m(3) are levitated with a single-axis acoustic levitator, and containerlessly melted and then solidified in argon atmosphere. High undercoolings up to 38 K are obtained, which results in a microstructural transition of "lamellas-broken lamellas-dend…
We provide experimental evidence for stretching and collapse of neutral polymer layers, already adsorbed at an oil-in-water interface, due to its interaction with surfactants. Upon stretching, the first interaction length (2L(0)) follows a power law dependence on surfactant concentration ( proportional, variant C(x)(s…
We have carried out molecular dynamics simulations of the crystallization of hard spheres modeling colloidal systems that are studied in conventional and space-based experiments. We use microscopic probes to investigate the effects of gravitational forces, polydispersity, and of bounding walls on the phase structure.…
Chevrel-type LiMo 3 Se 3 nanowires dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide were decorated with 13 nm citrate ligated Au particles (water) and 6 nm trioctylphosphineoxide ligated CdSe particles (tetrahydrofuran) by combining the respective solutions at room temperature, followed by mild acidification with hydrochloric acid in…
HI0719 belongs to a large family of highly conserved proteins with no definitive molecular function and is found in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. We describe the NMR structure of HI0719, the first solution structure for a member of this family. The overall fold is similar to the crystal structures of two…
Flexible supramolecular cation structures, [(XyDA) 0.5 (crown ethers)] + complexes, were introduced as countercations to [Ni(dmit) 2 ] - anions, which bear an S = 1/2 spin, to form novel magnetic crystals (XyDA = p -xylylenediammonium, dmit 2- = 2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dithiolate, and crown ethers = [12]crown-4, [15…
Residual hydrogen in stainless steel results in a steady outgassing from vacuum chamber walls, hindering the achievement of ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The total content, the binding states, and the diffusivity of residual hydrogen in austenitic stainless steels, which together define the room temperature hydrogen ou…
Palladium nanoparticles within polyelectrolyte multilayers of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were prepared as seeds for further growth by electroless nickel deposition. The seeds were generated by binding tetraaminepalladium from aqueous solution to PAA carboxylic acid functionalitie…
Ultra-small ZnS nanoparticles have been synthesized by a novel solid−solid reaction between Na 2 S and ZnSO 4 nanoparticles in the confined space of AOT reversed micelles. The reaction was performed by mixing two dry AOT/ n -heptane solutions, containing Na 2 S and ZnSO 4 nanoparticles, respectively. This synthetic ro…
Poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(l-lysine) (PEO-PLL) was complexed with an amphiphilic hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC). This produced a thermotropic liquid crystalline material (PEO-PLL-HBC), which was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry as well as by wide- and small-angle X-ray sc…
Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy has been used to characterize charge carrier relaxation from the second excited state (1P) to the first excited state (1S) in colloidal indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots (QDs). A three pulse experiment consisting of a visible pump, infrared pump, and white light probe wa…
The reactions of RE(IO3)3 [RE = Nd, Sm, Eu] with I2O5 and MoO3 in a 1:2:2 molar ratio at 200 degrees C in aqueous media provide access to RE(MoO2)(IO3)4(OH) [RE = Nd (1), Sm (2), Eu (3)] as pure phases as determined from powder X-ray diffraction data. Single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments demonstrate that these…
A hydrophilic or a hydrophobic long rigid solid plate of finite width, forming a meniscus with a liquid in a uniform gravitational field is considered. The one-dimensional meniscus with prescribed heights of the triple point from the far-field liquid surface is investigated analytically using the Young–Laplace equatio…
A new bis(amino)-functionalized POSS monomer was prepared and characterized with the formula diexo -( c -C 5 H 9 ) 8 Si 8 O 11 ( p -C 6 H 4 NH 2 ) 2 . The new POSS monomer (1−10 mol %) along with diamines 1,3-bis(3-aminophenoxy)benzene (APB) and 3,4‘-oxydianiline (ODA) and were copolymerized with 4,4‘-oxydiphthalic an…
We present a unified formulation of a rotationally invariant nonlinear elasticity for a variety of spontaneously anisotropic phases, and use it to study thermal fluctuations in nematic elastomers and spontaneously anisotropic gels. We find that in a thermodynamic limit homogeneous nematic elastomers are universally in…
Percolating networks based on interparticle tunneling conduction are shown to yield a logarithmic divergent piezoresistive response close to the critical point as long as the electrical conductivity becomes nonuniversal. At the same time, the piezoresistivity or, equivalently, the conductivity anisotropy exponent $λ$…
We develop a theory of the domain patterns in systems with competing short-range attractive interactions and long-range repulsive Coulomb interactions. We take an energetic approach, in which patterns are considered as critical points of a mean-field free energy functional. Close to the microphase separation transitio…
It is shown that diffraction of Bose-Einstein condensates on a helical light grating results in vortices in the condensate. Helical light gratings can be produced by light interference of a Gaussian laser beam with a helical one. Diffraction orders of the Bose-Einstein condensate contain vortices of corresponding topo…
We present new experimental results on the mechanical behavior of static granular assemblies confined in a vertical column. Our measurements confirm, for the first time, the universal Janssen's scaling for the stress saturation curve. We show consequently, in the context of isotropic elasticity, a relation between the…
We have calculated (ab initio) and measured (by spin-echo techniques) the anharmonic self-energy of phonons at the X-point of the Brillouin zone for isotopically pure germanium. The real part agrees with former, less accurate, high temperature data obtained by inelastic neutron scattering on natural germanium. For the…