Materials Literature
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We study experimentally the nonequilibrium phase behaviour of a horizontal monolayer of macroscopic rods. The motion of the rods in two dimensions is driven by vibrations in the vertical direction. In addition to varying packing fraction and aspect ratio as in most studies on hard-particle systems, we take advantage o…
Numerical simulations of a near-infrared negative-index metamaterial (NIM) slab consisting of multiple layers of perforated metal-dielectric stacks exhibiting a small imaginary part of the index over the wavelength range for negative refraction are presented. A consistent effective index is obtained using both scatter…
Commercial transportation fuels are complex mixtures containing hundreds or thousands of chemical components, whose composition has evolved considerably during the past 100 years. In conjunction with concurrent engine advancements, automotive fuel composition has been fine-tuned to balance efficiency and power demands…
We have measured thermal conductivity of GdVO(4), YVO(4), and Y(3)Al(5)O(12). In order to avoid the miss leading from three-dimensional (3D) thermal diffusion, we developed the quasi-one-dimensional (q1D) flash method. By taking in account the heat radiation effect in transparent materials for this measurement, YVO(4)…
In this study, an experimental device assuring the vertical suspension of a cloth surface and permitting the measure of the capillary ascension and the mass of liquid rising in fabrics is developed. The results show that the construction of the fabric and the composition and the number of yarns per centimeter have a s…
We have performed soft X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SXARPES) of microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition diamond films with different B concentrations in order to study the origin of the metallic behavior of superconducting diamond. SXARPES results clearly show valence band dispersions w…
In a recent X-ray absorption study in boron doped diamond, Nakamura et al. have seen a well isolated narrow boron impurity band in non-superconducting samples and an additional narrow band at the chemical potential in a superconducting sample. We interpret the beautiful spectra as evidence for upper Hubbard band of a…
Gold clusters modified with first, second and third generation dendritic polyphenylazomethines (DPA) were synthesized by an exchanged reaction of corresponding DPA dendron thiols. Measurements by high performance perfect sizer (HPPS) and TEM reveal that their diameters increase with a change in the chain length of the…
A hybrid nanomaterial was prepared by human serum albumin (HSA) and vitamin B12 derivatives. The incorporation of hydrophobic vitamin B12 derivatives, which have ester groups in place of the peripheral amide moieties of the natural cobalamin, into HSA is primarily controlled by the hydrophobicity of the peripheral est…
The dispersion of acoustic and optical phonons in highly boron-doped diamond has been measured by inelastic X-ray scattering at an energy resolution of 6.4 meV. The sample is doped in the metallic regime and shows superconductivity below 4.2 K (midpoint). The data are compared to pure and nitrogen-doped diamond that r…
We have investigated an origin of the superconductivity discovered in boron (B)-doped diamonds by means of 11B-NMR on heteroepitaxially grown (1 1 1) and (1 0 0) films and polycrystalline film. The characteristic difference of B-NMR spectral shape for the (1 1 1) and (1 0 0) thin films is demonstrated as arising from…
Hydrogen storage property of Si-carbon nanotube composite was studied. It was found that the carbon nanotube coated Si particle was prepared by the decomposition of tetramethylsilane by using Ni catalyst. The obtained composite was consisted of the spherical Si particle with 300 nm diameter and the surface of Si parti…
Electronic structure of B-doped diamond is studied based on first-principles calculations with supercell models for substitutional and interstitial doping at 1.5–3.1 at.% B concentrations. Substitutional doping induces holes around the valence-band maximum in a rigid-band fashion. The nearest neighbor C site to B show…
In this paper we give a theoretical description of the superconducting and normal-state properties of hole-doped diamond based on ab initio calculations. Our aim is to provide a useful reference to compare the theoretical predictions with the experimental data. We also discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the virtu…
A novel type of calcium phosphate–organic polymer composite having a hierarchical structure was prepared by calcification of a poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel. Macroscopically, an organic gel containing phosphate ions was transformed into an opaque solid material by diffusion of calcium ions. We observed the formation of…
The effect of annealing at 1400 °C in argon on the bond structure of graphite ball milled for 100 h at 400 rpm in polar (water) and in non-polar (n-dodecane) liquids was investigated primarily by near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Carbon K-edge N…
A detailed transmission electron microscope (TEM) study has been conducted to investigate the microstructures of the Zr51Cu20.7Ni12Al16.3 metallic glass formed at different cooling rates. It has been found that the most competitive crystalline phase to the amorphous structure is an oxygen-stabilized FCC NiZr2-type pha…
A nanocomposite possessing perovskite-related nanosheets dispersed in a siloxane network was prepared by cohydrolysis of the n-decoxy derivative of an ion-exchangeable layered perovskite, HCa2Nb3O10·xH2O (HCaNb), and tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) via a sol–gel process involving exfoliation. In the X-ray diffraction (XRD)…
When a dilute amount of Si is added to Al, it results in the precipitation of Si-phases, either planar- and/or rod-type, depending on the ageing conditions. Observation of these phases had been carried out by TEM two dimensionally so far; nevertheless information of the thickness as well as the distribution had been n…
The superconductivity observed in boron-doped diamond is discussed from the point of view of the phonon-driven BCS theory. It is shown that electron–phonon interaction is particularly strong in diamond. Other semiconductors possibly exhibiting superconductivity are brought to the fore. Related evidence for strong elec…