Materials Literature
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Electrospinning of nanofibers of materials that are difficult to process using conventional techniques is reported. Two fluids are electrospun (see Figure) into fibers with core/shell morphology. The “electrospinnable” shell fluid serves as a process aid to electrospin the core fluid. Three examples are illustrated: p…
Intramolecular folding events, triggered by the presence of salt, induce the self-assembly of β-hairpin peptides into hydrogel networks at physiological conditions. At pH 7.4 and low ionic strength solution conditions, dilute, homogeneous solutions of peptide (≤2 wt %) exhibit the viscosity of pure water. Circular dic…
The production of significant quantities of engineered nanomaterials will inevitably result in the introduction of these materials to the environment. Mobility in a well-defined porous medium was evaluated for eight particulate products of nanochemistry to assess their potential for migration in porous media such as g…
A review of recent results on transition metal doping of electronic oxides such as ZnO, TiO 2 , SnO 2 , BaTiO 3 , Cu 2 O, SrTiO 3 and KTaO 3 is presented. There is interest in achieving ferromagnetism with Curie temperatures above room temperature in such materials for applications in the field of spintronic devices,…
Abstract A direct front‐tracking method using an Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation is developed in two space dimensions. The front‐tracking method is general in that it can track any type of interface once its local velocity is specified or has been determined by calculation. The method uses marker points to describe th…
Abstract Summary: A totally new kind of multilayered tape consisting of two macroscopically ductile polymers (PET and PC) was studied using high voltage electron microscopy (HVEM). Both components were co‐extruded as uniform laminates with thousands of alternating layers. The multilayered PET/PC samples were annealed…
An investigation made into the variation of oxide(−II) electronic polarizability, α oxide( - II), for glasses covering a wide range of composition shows that there is an almost linear relationship between α oxide( - II) and glass basicity (expressed as optical basicity, Λ). However, systematic deviations pinpoint the…
Two new chiral series, with benzoate cores and monofluoro-substitution in positions 2 and 3 of the first phenyl ring near the chiral chain, have been synthesized and characterized. The mesomorphic properties have been analysed by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and electro-optical measurements. T…
Abstract Summary: A highly sensitive analytical method for evaluation of poly( L ‐lactide) (PLA), poly( ε ‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly( β ‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) degradability was developed using coated cellulose paper, prepared by penetration and adhesion of these plastics into/onto…
The effect of diverse gases on the field emission (FE) properties of ZnO nanorods was investigated. The FE properties of nanorods were fully recovered after evacuating to the initial pressure, even after an abrupt current drop under severe vacuum conditions of Torr induced by the presence of O 2 , N 2 , Ar and air. Th…
The Cu nanowires were prepared in alumina membranes with ordered pore arrays by an electrochemical deposition. X-ray diffraction and scan electron microscopy were employed to characterize the nanowires. The results show that the nanowires are located in the channels of the alumina membrane with a diameter of about 40…
An Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst with a very high Si/Al ratio was prepared, and using it, the effect of NO upon the kinetics of N2O decomposition was studied. The addition of small, nonstoichiometric amounts of NO was observed to cause the rate to increase by more than an order of magnitude. The kinetics were well-fit by a rate e…
Abstract Summary: The possibility to submit a semi‐crystalline polyolefin (or a mixture of different polyolefins) to a phase selective crosslinking process, in order to produce a material with unchanged crystallinity but a partially crosslinked amorphous fraction, has been investigated. The crosslinking process has be…
Novel two-phase materials based on nematic liquid crystals (LC E7) filled with poly(propylene imine) dendrimers of 2–3 nm diameter were investigated for application in light-scattering, electro-optical switches. Polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and rheological experiments all indicate t…
The electronic structure of magnetic impurities in ZnS is determined by near edge x-ray absorption for the $3d$ transition metals Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni embedded in single crystal ZnS. By detecting emitted fluorescence photons instead of electrons it is possible to suppress the background from the host and to eliminate ch…
Several chiral azobenzene compounds having different chiral substituents were synthesized. A cholesteric phase was induced by mixing each chiral azobenzene compound with a host non-chiral nematic liquid crystal (E44). The helical twisting power (HTP) as well as the change in HTP by trans-cis photoisomerization of the…
A hydrotalcite clay/dendrimer nanocomposite prepared by the ionic exchange process was adsorbed from suspension of the nanocomposite on a Langmuir monolayer of arachidic acid at the air/water interface, followed by compressing and transferring onto an arachidic acid monolayer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film on mica. For c…
We have investigated the orthoconic antiferroelectric liquid crystal mixture W107 by means of optical, X-ray and calorimetry measurements in order to assess the origin of the unusally high tilt angle between the optic axis and the smectic layer normal in this material. The optical birefringence increases strongly belo…
Abstract Summary: A new method to synthesize polyimide (PI)/silica nanohybrids has been presented. It uses silicic acid oligomer as the silica precursor, which was obtained by extracting with tetrahydrofuran (THF) from PH‐adjusted water glass. The films of PI/silica nanohybrids remained transparent even at high silica…
Measurements of water adsorption equilibrium and kinetics in Takeda carbon molecular sieve (CMS) were undertaken in an effort to characterize fundamental mechanisms of adsorption and transport. Adsorption equilibrium revealed a type III isotherm that was characterized by cooperative multimolecular sorption theory. Wat…