Materials Literature
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Antiferromagnetic coupling between ferromagnetic layers has been observed for the first time in an all-semiconductor superlattice structure EuS/PbS(001), by neutron scattering and magnetization measurements. Spin-dependent superlattice band structure effects are invoked to explain the possible origin and the strength…
A simple route to the fabrication of multilayer films containing Pd nanoparticles is described. Following layer-by-layer assembly of PdCl 4 2 - and polycation, QPVP−Os (a quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine) complexed with [Os(bpy) 2 Cl] 2+/+ ), on 4-aminobenzoic acid-modified glassy carbon electrodes, the three-dimensio…
The resistivities of copper (Cu) thin films and damascene Cu fine lines were precisely measured by utilizing Matthiessen's rule. It was shown that this measurement method can produce reliable values without requiring precise and detailed line-dimension measurements. It was found that the increase in resistivities of t…
Ibuprofen microcrystals sized between 25–45 μm have been encapsulated with various types of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) constructed with polyallylamine (PAH), polyethylenimine (PEI) or poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) as polycations and polystyrenesulfonate (PSS), polyanetholesulfonate (PAS) and dextran sulfate (DE…
Clay minerals share a basic set of structural and chemical characteristics (e.g. they are largely aluminosilicates with layer structures) and yet each clay mineral has its own unique set of properties that determine how it will interact with other chemical species. The variation, in both chemistry and structure, among…
Results are presented for flame synthesis of metal-catalyzed carbon nanotubes. A thermal evaporation technique is used to create the catalyst nanoparticles of Fe or Ni through gas condensation followed by entrainment into the flame. Results are compared with those using a high-temperature tube furnace to provide the r…
The present critical review examines the status of the research on supported, size-selected clusters with specific emphasis on their size-dependent physical and chemical properties. We describe the most relevant experimental methods with their advantages and drawbacks for the production of size-selected clusters and l…
Carbon nanotubeshave many advantages over conventional semiconductor and metal emitters for field emission displays (FEDs). However, the origin of the current saturation seen in carbon nanotubes at high fields is poorly understood. Here the effect of gas adsorbates on the field emission properties of patterned carbon…
Water soluble graft polymers prepared by copolymerization of either methacrylic acid (MAA) or vinylsulfonic acid (VS) with α-methoxy-ω-methacroyl-oligo(oxyethylene)s (PEOn-MA) serve to control nucleation and crystal growth during precipitation of inorganic crystals from aqueous media. Precipitation of zinc oxide cryst…
Deformation of polycrystalline Ti2AlC under room and high temperature compression was investigated. The results demonstrated that Ti2AlC was damage tolerant at room temperature and the samples were shear fractured upon failure. At high temperatures Ti2AlC deform plastically. The brittle-to-ductile-transition temperatu…
Driven by prospective applications, there is much interest in developing materials that can perform specific functions in response to external conditions. One way to design such materials is to create systems which, in response to external inputs, can self-assemble to form structures that are functionally useful. This…
As MRI contrast agents, more hydrophobic molecules reportedly accumulate in the liver and thus are potentially useful as liver MRI contrast agents. In this study, a generation-4 polypropylenimine diaminobutane dendrimer (DAB-Am64), which is expected to be more hydrophobic than the generation-4 polyamidoamine dendrimer…
The structure of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 2 is of interest because it represents a family of serine-specific protein kinases that lack sequence similarity with all other eukaryotic protein kinases. Similarity exists instead with key motifs of prokaryotic histidine protein kinases and a famil…
Abstract Carboxylated acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (CNBR)–clay mixtures were prepared by co‐coagulating rubber latex and clay aqueous suspension, then combining the mixtures with a rubber ingredient and vulcanizing by a traditional rubber mixing processing procedure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed tha…
Duplex stainless steels were aged at low temperatures (∼ 400°C) for a long time (2000–5000 hours). Optical microscopy does not show any differences in the microstructure, but the corrosion resistance is very affected by the heat treatment, despite the fact that the polarization curves are very similar for all analyzed…
The possibility of obtaining a detailed picture of the electronic structure makes surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) eminently suitable for bridging the gap between the chemical, physical, optical and electrical properties of semiconductors. In SPS, changes in band bending (both at the free semiconductor surface…
Nitrogen compounds are a small but rapidly growing group of flame retardants (FR) which are in the focus of public interest concerning environmentally friendly flame retardants. Today their main applications are melamine for polyurethane flexible foams, melamine cyanurate in nylons, melamine phosphates in polyolefines…
We report on an accurate measurement of the helical twisting power (HTP) of chiral dopants. In the usual Cano-wedge method, the wedge angle is determined from the separation of laser beams reflected from the windows of the test cell. Here we propose to use an optical fiber based spectrometer to accurately measure the…
Abstract Samples of Sr 2 FeMoO 6 were prepared by a solid‐state reaction method in an ambient gas of strictly controlled oxygen content. These materials show a room temperature magnetoresistance of 2% in a magnetic field of 1.5 T. The double perovskite phase Sr 2 FeMoO 6 is stable at low oxygen partial pressure. In ai…
Si 3 N 4 powders were sintered using a 28 GHz gyrotron source, with Y 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , and MgO as sintering aids, in an attempt to investigate the effect of microwave radiation on densification behavior. The microwave‐sintered samples were compared with identical samples produced by conventional pressureless sinteri…