Chemical and bioanalytical applications of surface enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy
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Tracer Investigation of Pore Formation in Anodic Titania
Using a sputtering-deposited titanium substrate, incorporating six equally spaced nanolayers of Ti–W alloy, the volume and composition changes accompanying the formation of porous anodic films on titanium in 0.5 wt % NH 4 F in glycerol are investigated. The findings reveal amorphous films with nanotubes of TiO 2 , con…
Electron-hole pair condensation in a graphene bilayer
The pairing of electrons and holes due to their Coulomb attraction in two parallel, independently gated graphene layers separated by a barrier is considered. At a weak coupling, there exists the BCS-like pair-condensed state. Despite the fact that electrons and holes behave like massless Dirac fermions, the problem of…
Tumor targeting using liposomal antineoplastic drugs.
During the last years, liposomes (microparticulate phospholipid vesicles) have been used with growing success as pharmaceutical carriers for antineoplastic drugs. Fields of application include lipid-based formulations to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble antitumor drugs, the use of pegylated liposomes for passi…
Gelation is crucially dependent on functional group orientation and may be tuned by anion binding
The gelation ability of a series of chiral bis(urea) gels alternates between even and odd chain length and for the even numbered spacers the rheological characteristics can be tuned by the addition of anions according to the anion binding constant.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steels and Nickel Alloys in High-Temperature Water
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) studies in stainless steels and nickel alloys reveal that all grades and conditions are susceptible to SCC in high-temperature water, whether deaerated or aerated, high H2 or low, theoretical purity water or buffered/ contaminated, lower temperature or higher. However, the kinetics of S…
Tetranuclear [Cu–Ln]2 single molecule magnets: synthesis, structural and magnetic studies
A trianionic ligand H3L (2-hydroxy-N-(2-[[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]amino]-2-methylpropyl)benzamide) with an inner N2O2 coordination site and an oxygen atom coming from an amide function not involved in this site yields monoanionic LCu- complexes that react with Ln(hfa)3 x 2H2O (hfa = hexafluoroacetylacetonato ligand…
High conductivity and chemical stability of BaCe1−x−yZrxYyO3−δ proton conductors prepared by a sol–gel method
High-temperature proton conductors are promising as electrolytes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Among them, BaCeO3-based materials have high proton conductivity but rather poor chemical stability. In contrast, barium zirconates are rather stable, but have poorly reproducible densities and conduct…
The environment of graphene probed by electrostatic force microscopy
We employ electrostatic force microscopy to study the electrostatic environment of graphene sheets prepared with the micromechanical exfoliation technique. We detect the electric dipole of residues left from the adhesive tape during graphene preparation, as well as the dipole of water molecules adsorbed on top of grap…
DFT/TD-DFT molecular design of porphyrin analogues for use in dye-sensitized solar cells
Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations have been employed to model Zn meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) complexes having different beta-substituents, in order to design an efficient sensitizer for dye-sensitized solar cells. To calculate the excited states of the porphyrin analogues, at le…
Nanostructures for superhydrophobicity and low adhesion
Nanoroughness is beneficial for superhydrophobicity and low adhesion. Self assembly of hydrophobic alkanes has been used to modify flat and microstructured surfaces. Various nanostructures, produced by three-dimensional alkane crystals, have been fabricated by changing the crystal density. Microstructures were fabrica…
Au–Pd supported nanocrystals prepared by a sol immobilisation technique as catalysts for selective chemical synthesis
Catalysis by gold and gold-palladium nanoparticles has attracted significant research attention in recent years. These nanocrystalline materials have been found to be highly effective for selective and total oxidation, but in most cases the catalysts are prepared using precipitation or impregnation. We report the prep…
WO3/CeO2-ZrO2, a promising catalyst for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 in diesel exhaust
A WO3/CeO2-ZrO2 catalyst system was discovered for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3; the catalyst (10 wt% WO3 loading) showed nearly 100% NOx conversion in a temperature range of 200-500 degrees C, at a space velocity of 90 000 h(-1) in a simulated diesel exhaust containing 550 ppm NOx (NO : NO2 feed rati…
Confinement effects on phase behavior of soft matter systems
When systems that can undergo phase separation between two coexisting phases in the bulk are confined in thin film geometry between parallel walls, the phase behavior can be profoundly modified. These phenomena shall be described and exemplified by computer simulations of the Asakura-Oosawa model for colloid-polymer m…
Gelation-induced fluorescence enhancement of benzoxazole-based organogel and its naked-eye fluoride detection
The benzoxazole derivative gelator forms a stable DMF/toluene cosolvent gel with dramatically enhanced fluorescence emission compared to its mother solution. The translucent colorless gel was changed to a solution with strong greenish fluorescence in the presence of fluoride anion with disruption of the gel structure.
Doping and de-doping of carbon nanotube transparent conducting films by dispersant and chemical treatment
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) dispersed with Nafion in a solvent mixture containing de-ionized water and 1-propanol (bisolvent) were sprayed on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate to fabricate flexible transparent conducting films (TCFs). Different SWCNT-to-Nafion ratios were used to optimize the film p…
Silicon Nanocrystals: Fundamental Theory and Implications for Stimulated Emission
Silicon nanocrystals (NCs) represent one of the most promising material systems for light emission applications in microphotonics. In recent years, several groups have reported on the observation of optical gain or stimulated emission in silicon NCs or in porous silicon (PSi). These results suggest that silicon‐NC‐bas…
Phenomenological Model of Corrosion Process in Reinforced Concrete Identified by Acoustic Emission
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Rod-like attapulgite/polyimide nanocomposites with simultaneously improved strength, toughness, thermal stability and related mechanisms
Rod-like silicates (attapulgite, ATT) with covalently grafted polymer chains chemically identical to the matrix were incorporated into polyimide films, which resulted in prominent improvements in strength and toughness and elevation as high as 51 °C of the thermal decomposition temperature. The dispersion uniformity o…
Carbon nanotubes: a multi-functional material for organic optoelectronics
In recent years carbon nanotubes have emerged as a versatile material suitable for hybrid macro-electronic devices employing organic semiconductors, with the potential to address many of the barriers to the widespread exploitation of organic semiconductors as the basis for low cost, large area, flexible optoelectronic…