Materials Literature
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The effect of chitosan on the growth of plant pathogenic fungi was investigated. Chitosan solubilized in acetic acid showed much higher and more consistent antifungal activity than that solubilized in HCl. The antifungal activity was not significantly affected within a DA (degree of deacetylation) range of 57.3-99.2%…
Quantitative microstructure analyses by atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed for two kinds of JIS-SCM440 steel with the tensile strength of 1580 MPa; the modified-ausformed and tempered (MAQT) martensite and the conventional quench-tempered (CQT) martensite, where the critical diffusible hydrogen content for d…
The adhesion between a polyurethane (PU) adhesive and four foams containing different low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blends was improved by using different surface treatments. UV-ozone, corona discharge, and low-pressure oxygen plasma treatments for different times were used to increase t…
Martensitic transformation temperatures and the two-way shape memory effect (TWME) in ductile Cu–Al–Mn alloys deformed at room temperature were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the bending test. The Ms and Af temperatures were found to increase slightly with increasing degree of pre-defor…
A cyclic diphosphonate ester and melamine have provided excellent fire retardant performance in poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). An increase of the oxygen index as well as an improvement of the UL-94 classification to V-0 rating was observed. The interaction between the fire retardant additives and PBT was studied…
The elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -38%PbTiO 3 (PMNT62/38) single crystals, poled along [001] of the original cubic axis, have been determined experimentally using the resonance technique. At room temperature, the PMNT62/38 single crystals have tetragonal symmetry. The Curie…
Nanocrystals of Tb- or Eu-doped ZnS were prepared using a new technique yielding high luminescent efficiency. The photoluminescent intensities of nanocrystal ZnS:Tb and ZnS:Eu were about three times higher than those of bulk phosphors. These nanocrystals were coated by a glass ingredient. The cathodoluminescent effici…
The second part of this paper deals with modelling gas turbine cycles integrated with a fuel cell model to produce hybrid cycles. The main objectives were to develop an understanding of the integration options and to determine the theoretical optimum configuration. Six different realistic cycles are analysed and discu…
Structural, magnetic, electrochemical, EPR, 1H NMR, and H2O2 reactivity studies are reported for [MnIII2(X-salpentO)(μ-AcO)(μ-MeO)(MeOH)2]Br (1: X = 5-OMe and 2: X = 3-OMe; salpentOH = 1,5-bis(salicylidenamino)pentan-3-ol). The X-ray diffraction analysis of 2 reveals that the manganese atoms possess an axially elongat…
The electrochemical impedance of copper in benzotriazole (BTAH)-inhibited media is affected by the addition of sulfides. The caused order of magnitude decreases in the polarization resistance and increases in the double layer capacity. The appearance of sulfur peaks in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectr…
Interaction between photocreated carriers and background excess-electrons in single-crystalline Al-doped ZnO epilayers (1.9 × 1019 ≤ n ≤ 6.7 × 1020 cm—3) are studied by using optical absorption spectroscopy. The Burstein Moss shift of the absorption edge energy over the carrier concentration range of n ≥ 5.9 × 1020 cm…
The effect of dissolved carbon dioxide on steel corrosion in aerated solutions has been variously reported, ranging from "no effect" to "catalytic enhancement of corrosion." A corrosion model was developed, verified with published experimental data, and then used to interpret the role of carbon dioxide in the presence…
Actinide dioxides (ThO 2 , UO 2 , Pu 2 etc.) compounds have the CaF 2 -type structure at ambient pressure and temperature. Under high pressure, they exist in the PbCl 2 -type structure, belonging to space group Pnma [1]. We have studied crystal structures under high pressure in actinide dioxides by means of first-prin…
The removal of the carbon from Nd magnet scraps is indispensable for high-quality recycling by the induction melting method as a preliminary process. The Nd magnet scraps can be decarburized to a level of less than 0.03 mass% by using an oxygen source at high temperatures, as reported in Part 1. The decarburized Nd ma…
Tensile properties of heat-treated hemp and bamboo fibers were examined. The average tensile strengths of hemp and bamboo fibers without heat treatment are 863MPa and 516MPa, respectively. After heat treatment at 200°C for 7.2ks, both fibers show a 60 percent decrease in tensile strength. The tensile strength of hemp…
Results on the oxygen permeability and stability of perovskite-type La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3 (LSCF) coated with ( Sm 2 O 3 ) 0.1 ( CeO 2 ) 0.9 (SDC) are presented. Bilayer structures were formed by depositing a thin layer of SDC by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on the reducing side of the membrane. Oxygen perme…
Hysteresis in smart materials hinders wider applicability of such materials in actuators and sensors. In this dissertation we study modeling, identification and control of hysteresis in smart actuators. While the approaches are applicable to control of a wide class of smart actuators, we illustrate the ideas through t…
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L., Malvaceae) is a warm season annual fiber crop closely related to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., Malvaceae) and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L., Malvaceae) that can be success-fully produced in a large portion of the United States, particularly in the southern states. As the commercial us…
A thermodynamic analysis of the dry etching process for copper using halides is undertaken with the development of volatility diagrams. The construction of such diagrams for the Cu-Cl system is illustrated for temperatures ranging from 50 to 200°C. The copper condensed phase species and the partial pressures of the pr…
Effects of cation-site vacancies on the characteristics of the cubic–tetragonal displacive transitions in La-modified PbTiO3 (PLT) were studied using in situ XRD measurements and Raman scattering. For this purpose, two distinct types of PLT series having cation-site vacancies either at the A site (PLT-A) or at the B s…