Materials Literature
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Low‐temperature phase equilibria ranging from 1000° to 1200°C in the ZrO 2 –CeO 2 system were investigated by annealing compositionally homogeneous ZrO 2 –CeO 2 solid solutions in a Na 2 B 2 O 7 .1 NaF flux. The 5 mol% CeO 2 samples decomposed into monoclinic ( m ) and tetragonal ( t ) phases during annealing at 1100°…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface-Induced Ordering in Asymmetric Block CopolymersY. Liu, W. Zhao, X. Zheng, A. King, A. Singh, M. H. Rafailovich, J. Sokolov, K. H. Dai, E. J. Kramer, and Cite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 14, 4000–4010Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Publishe…
Solvent-binding sites were compared in 10 different crystal forms of phage T4 lysozyme that were refined using data from 2.6 A to 1.7 A resolution. The sample included 18 crystallographically independent lysozyme molecules. Despite different crystallization conditions, variable crystal contacts, changes due to mutatio…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyimide-Silica Hybrid Materials Modified by Incorporation of an Organically Substituted AlkoxysilaneShuhong Wang, Z. Ahmad, and J. E. MarkCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 7, 943–946Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published…
Fatigue characteristics of PbZr 0.4 Ti 0.6 O 3 (PZT) thin-film capacitors made by sol-gel spin coating have been evaluated using hysteresis measurement by bipolar continuous pulses. The following three stages were found according to the cumulative polarization switching cycles: (1) slow fatigue stage at the initial sw…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Effect of Structural Modifications on Charge Migration in Mesomorphic PhthalocyaninesPieter G. Schouten, John M. Warman, Matthijs P. de Haas, Cornelus F. van Nostrum, Gerwin H. Gelinck, Roeland J. M. Nolte, Marc J. Copyn, Jan W. Zwikker, Michael K. Engel, and Cite this:…
A study was performed to determine the time-course of oxidative degradation and the extent to which the degradation proceeded through the bulk of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene joint components that had been irradiated and stored on a shelf. Standardized cylindrical samples, taken from a single batch of extr…
The number of protein structures known in atomic detail has increased from one in 1960 (Kendrew, J.C., Strandberg, B.E., Hart, R.G., Davies, D.R., Phillips, D.C., Shore, V.C. Nature (London) 185:422-427, 1960) to more than 1000 in 1994. The rate at which new structures are being published exceeds one a day as a result…
Almost everybody in the urethanes industry is by now familiar with the different options for the recycling of urethane-based materials. Physical recycling (fillers in the polyol), chemical recycling (glycolysis, hydrolysis) and energy recovery are the main options under development. The actual process, however, is onl…
Abstract The mechanical properties and the high‐temperature behaviour of fibre‐reinforced composites are controlled by both the microstructure and the microchemistry of fibre/matrix interlayers. For a C‐fibre reinforced SiC composite and various SiC (Nicalon)‐fibre reinforced Duran glasses, the composition of the inte…
Abstract Oxygen plasma and ultra violet (UV) ozone treatments have been used to oxidize the surfaces of batches of natural wool fibres and woven cloths. The changes in surface composition and chemistry induced by these treatments have been followed using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Oxidation of surface pro…
Abstract Degradation of polymers by hyperthermal species (e.g. atomic oxygen (ATOX)) occurs in a variety of practical systems including external surfaces of spacecraft in low earth orbits (LEO), for which the impact with the residual atomic oxygen (impact energy 3–7 eV) results in significant erosion. In the present w…
The crystals of most proteins are poorly ordered and diffract to lower resolutions than other crystals of simple and inorganic compounds. The use of two novel methods for gel protein crystal growth, utilizing liquid diffusion and vapor diffusion, are described for the growth of lysozyme and canavalin. Crystallization…
We report x-ray photoemission spectra (XPS) of potassium nickel (IV) hexaoxidoiodate (VII). XPS spectra were measured with the Physical Electronics Model 5400 x-ray photoelectron spectrometer using unmonochromated Mg Kα x rays at two pass energy settings corresponding to analyzer energy resolutions of 1.34 and 0.54 eV…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, Crosslinking, and Properties of Benzocyclobutene-Terminated Bisphenol A PolycarbonatesM. J. Marks and J. K. SekingerCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 15, 4106–4113Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissu…
Infrared spectra of free molecules of 4-nitroaniline, 2-chloro- and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroanilines and their H-bonded complexes (1:1) with acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, dimethyl-sulphoxide and hexamethylphosphortriamide have been investigated in spectral region of aminogroup stretching vibrations in CCl 4 medium. Spe…
To suppress the reactivity of ALN powder with water, chemical surface modification with carboxylic acids has been investigated. It was found that the chemical stability of ALN powder increased as the number of carbon atoms in carboxylic acids used for the surface treatment increased. Among the carboxylic acids tested,…
In gas production wells, carbon (C) steel tubulars subject to carbon dioxide (CO2) corrosion have been replaced gradually with corrosion-resistant 13% chromium (Cr) steel of the martensitic type (AISI type 420 [UNS S42000]), eliminating the need for inhibition and possibly extending tubular lifetime. The effect of mat…
The surface precipitation process of epitaxially grown graphite (0001) layers on the C-doped Ni(111) surface has been investigated by in situ x-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements. Peak intensity measurements at various temperatures clarified the change of the carbon chemical state from the segregated carbon t…
The Optical Fibre Diameter Analyser (OFDA) instrument is based on automatic image analysis technology and was recently introduced to provide a rapid, accurate measurement of average fiber diameter (AFD) and diameter distribution (SD) of textile fibers. Experiments were conducted with wool and mohair in various physica…