Materials Literature
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Tethered layered silicates/polyurethane nanocomposites displaying high tensile strength and high elongation to break were synthesized by using reactive swelling-agent-modified silicates as pseudo chain extenders for a polyurethane prepolymer. The dispersion of layered silicates in polyurethane was found to be transfor…
Magnetoelectric laminate composites of piezoelectric/magnetostrictive materials were prepared by stacking and bonding together a PZT disk and two layers of Terfenol‐D disks with different directions of magnetostriction. These composites were studied to investigate (i) dependence on the magnetostriction direction of th…
Alloying: Understanding the Basics is a comprehensive guide to the alloying process and the benefits that can be achieved in a wide range of materials, including cast iron, steel, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, copper, nickel, cobalt, and zinc as well as cemented carbides, cermets, and iron-nickel alloys. It explains…
Indium-based transparent conductors, notably indium tin oxide (ITO), have a wide range of applications due to a unique combination of visible light transparency and modest conductivity. A fundamental understanding of such an unusual combination of properties is strongly motivated by the great demand for materials with…
We review recent advances in the development of colloidal fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals (a class of quantum dots) for biological labeling. Although some of the photophysical properties of nanocrystals are not fully understood and are still actively investigated, researchers have begun developing bioconjugatio…
Abstract An internal standard X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis technique permits reproducible and accurate calculation of the mineral contents of rocks, including the major clay mineral families: Fe-rich chlorites + berthierine, Mg-rich chlorites, Fe-rich dioctahedral 2:1 clays and micas, Al-rich dioctahedral 2:1 clay…
Abstract This article discusses the role of alloying in the production and use of titanium. It explains how alloying elements affect transformation temperatures, tensile and creep strength, elasticity, hardness, and corrosion behaviors. It provides composition and property data for commercial grades of titanium, addre…
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The effect that side-chain groups exerts on the crystallization of a series of random ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVAL) copolymers and some of their hydrolyzed derivatives was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The variation of the polyethylene (PE) crystalline lattice due to the su…
Spontaneous emission and optical gain are studied in MOCVD-grown epitaxial layers of GaAs co-doped with erbium and oxygen. Optimal growth conditions are used to obtain the high erbium concentrations up to 8 × 10 18 cm -3 . The measurements by the Shaklee — Leheny method revealed the optical gain ~45 cm -1 at rather lo…
The chemical interaction of the gaseous species H 2, Br 2, and HBr with boron surfaces has been theoretically investigated, using the density functional theory (DFT). The cluster model used was the B 12 icosahedron, arranged to correspond to the α-B (001) surface. It could be concluded that all three diatomic species…
Four kinds of compatibilizers—chlorinated polyethylene (normal CPE), highly chlorinated CPE, maleic anhydride grafted with polypropylene (MP), and chlorinated polypropylene (CPP)—were used to study the influence of compatibilizing agents on the properties of nitrile-butadiene rubber and polypropylene (NBR/PP) blends,…
The postfunctionalization of polyelectrolyte (PE) poly(vinyl formamide- co -vinylamine) (PVFA- co -PVAm) layers adsorbed on silica or titanium dioxide particles with fullerene (C 60 ) has been investigated. The functionalization process requires two steps, the adsorption of the (PVFA- co -PVAm) from an aqueous solutio…
Surface relief gratings (SRG) on films of azobenzene–modified cellulose (azocellulose) with ultrahigh molecular weight were holographically recorded in a single step. Surface modulation depth of the SRGs increased with the degree of substitution (DS) of the azobenzene chromophores in the cellulose as well as with the…
Adsorption onto silica of native human IgG and its hydrophobized forms prepared by covalent attachment of 11, 25, and 52 C 8 alkyl chains was studied. All hydrophobized IgGs spontaneously form micellelike aggregates (nanoclusters) in aqueous solutions with a mean diameter of 40 ± 2 nm. Adsorption isotherms are of a hi…
Excited-state kinetics of complexes of a functionalized zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) derivative, zinc mono(4-pyridyl)triphenylporphyrin (ZnPyP) in toluene and polystyrene/toluene mixtures have been investigated by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition to the ∼2.0 ns monomer fluorescence lifetime, a…
The morphology of different styrene/butadiene (SB) block copolymers with triblock architectures was investigated using tapping mode scanning force microscopy (SFM). Comparative analysis of the morphology of the samples at the polymer/substrate interface of solution-cast films and in bulk was performed. It was found th…
A positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopic (PALS) study was carried out on a typical representative of simple hydrogen-bonded glass formers - glycerol - over a wide temperature region from 100 K up to room temperature. Several crossover temperatures, T b i , were identified in the temperature dependences of the or…
In this article, two aspects were studied to enhance the properties of nitrile-butadiene rubber/polypropylene (NBR/PP) blends. First, three kinds of curing systems (dicumyl peroxide [DCP]/SnCl2·2H2O, SP-2402/SnCl2·2H2O, sulfur/DM) were added into the blends to study the influence of the curing system on NBR/PP blends.…
Polarization holography is used to study the dynamics of optically induced gratings in azobenzene functionalized polymer films. The simultaneously formed birefringence grating (BG) and surface relief grating (SRG) are investigated by probing the grating formation process with orthogonal linearly polarized beams for di…