Materials Literature
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Polymeric hollow nanospheres with stabilized structure have been realized by self-assembly of crosslinkable rigid poly(amic acid) ester (PAE) oligomer and coil-like poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVPy) via hydrogen bonding in their common solvent and subsequent photo-crosslinking of the PAE.
A Rotman type lens using a hyperbolic focal arc has been proposed. The proposed lens has been analysed using the contour integral technique. The results obtained for the proposed lens have been compared with the result obtained for the Rotman lens. It has been found that by using the hyperbolic focal arc, a wide area…
Partial discharge represents a physical phenomenon, in which discharges are involved in electrically weak regions of solid insulation materials (most often gaseous or liquid inclusions). They cause damage of the insulation and often start from the voids enclosed in it and/or at interface defects. The time, during whic…
In spite of periodic off-line electrical tests and on-line gas-in-oil analysis, three HVDC converter transformers have failed within a 12-month period. The possible causes of failure are reviewed together with changes in maintenance, monitoring and system operation that might prolong the life of similar transformers.
We have shown that, in determining the biomolecule-crystal symmetry, the occupation of low-site-symmetry Wyckoff positions is crucial, which contrasts with the overwhelming majority of nonmolecular, inorganic crystals where atoms mainly reside in high-symmetry Wyckoff positions. We consider the general relation betwee…
Abstract Homogeneous and uniform-sized silver nanoparticles were obtained by reduction of insoluble silver halides. As the stabilizing reagent, a small cationic thiol, thiocholine bromide, was used. Even from large crystals of silver halides, nanosized particles were obtained. Under the optimum conditions, highly mono…
In this paper, a method is proposed for calculating the elastic constants of arbitrarily soft or stiff systems using strain fluctuations. For stiff materials, for example, strain fluctuations may be enhanced by appropriate choice of elastic constants for the bath. Example calculations of the isothermal elastic constan…
The experimental data relating to the second- and third-order elasticity and the zone-center optic modes of hexagonal graphite are reviewed and some amendments proposed. A modified Keating model involving three sets of interactions, one planar and two interlayer, has been developed. The harmonic parameters, four plana…
To achieve high thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency, it is desirable to operate thermoelectric generator devices over large temperature gradients and also to maximize the performance of the thermoelectric materials used to build the devices. However, no single thermoelectric material is suitable for use o…
In conventional semiconductors, increasing the doping will reduce the Seebeck coefficient, and there is an optimum doping concentration for thermoelectric cooling or power generation applications. An overview of the experimental results for the power factor (electrical conductivity times the square of Seebeck coeffici…
Trp-999 is a key residue for the action of beta-galactosidases (Escherichia coli). Several site specific substitutions (Phe, Gly, Tyr, Leu) for Trp-999 were made. Each substitution caused greatly decreased affinities for substrates and inhibitors that bind in the "shallow" mode, while the affinities of inhibitors that…
The divergent synthesis of amphiphilic linear−dendritic block copolymers, LDBCs, that contain linear poly(ethylene glycol), PEG, and dendritic poly(benzyl ester)s is explored in this report. First [G1]- and second [G2]-generation LDBCs are constructed from PEG with a molecular weight of 5000 Da and 3,5-dioxy benzoate…
The sputtering technology for deposition of thermoelectric effective bismuth telluride-type material thin films on foils including pattern generation by photolithography was developed by D.T.S. The properties as electrical conductivity, thermoelectric power and the power factor of such p- and n-type films are presente…
The dynamic properties of a single dislocation in Cu under an applied stress are studied using constant stress and temperature molecular dynamics. The dislocation is found to accelerate to a terminal velocity. The terminal velocity initially increases linearly with stress and finally approaches the shear wave velocity…
We compare the potential energy at zero temperature of a range of crystal structures for a glass-forming binary mixture of Lennard-Jones particles. The lowest-energy ordered state consists of coexisting phases of a single component face centered cubic structure and an equimolar cesium chloride structure. An infinite n…
The feathers of birds develop from embryonic epidermal lineages that differentiate during outgrowth of the feather germ. Independent cell populations also form an embryonic epidermis on scutate scales, which consists of peridermal layers, a subperiderm, and an alpha stratum. Using an antiserum (anti-FbetaK) developed…
Four polymorphic crystals were obtained by recrystallization of 1,2-bis(2-methyl-5-p-methoxyphenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (1 a) from hexane. All crystals underwent photochromic reactions upon alternate irradiation with ultraviolet (lambda=370 nm) and visible light (lambda>500 nm). The photocyclization quantum…
Facilities and methods for the high-throughput crystal structure analysis of human proteins are described as recently established in the Protein Structure Factory, a Berlin-area structural genomics project. Genes encoding human proteins are expressed in either recombinant Escherichia coli or yeast (Saccharomyces cerev…
In the last decade, significant technology advancements have dramatically altered approaches to electrical insulation development. This revolution came about with the discovery and patenting in the 1980s, of the use of inorganic fillers to enhance the electrical properties of insulating materials. The first commercial…
Milled zircon, d 50 ≈ 9 μm, was fused with caustic soda pearls in open reaction vessels at temperatures between 650 and 850 °C. Fusion times of 1, 2, 4, 24, and 336 h (with intermittent milling) were investigated. The fusion products were characterized by X-ray diffraction and by wet-chemical analysis. For prolonged f…