Materials Literature
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We present a detailed comparison between experimental adsorption measurements and the excess adsorption predicted by the Ono−Kondo lattice model. The study was performed for high-pressure adsorption of hydrogen above the critical point on microporous adsorbents. The experimental adsorption isotherms of hydrogen on the…
We discuss the stress relaxation in a uniaxially strained solid due to the coarsening of a system of parallel cracks. We emphasize similarities and differences of this process to Ostwald ripening in a first order phase transition. A conventional mean-field approximation breaks down and several independent length scale…
The microscopic dynamics of the fragile glass-forming liquid ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.4}{\mathrm{K}}_{0.6}{(\mathrm{N}\mathrm{O}}_{3}{)}_{1.4}$ is investigated by molecular dynamics simulation with a polarizable model. Polarization effects are included within a fluctuating partial charges approach for the nitrate ion. Single…
The dynamics of Ostwald ripening in elastically stressed crystalline solids is determined through large-scale numerical simulations. Using the insight provided by the simulations, a theory for the dynamics of late-stage phase separation in elastically anisotropic homogeneous solids is developed. Both the theory and si…
Low-energy properties of half-filled Fibonacci Hubbard models are studied by weak-coupling renormalization group and density matrix renormalization group methods. In the case of diagonal modulation, weak Coulomb repulsion is irrelevant and the system behaves as a free Fibonacci chain, while for strong Coulomb repulsio…
A promising room-temperature copper etching process is described. The copper thin film can be etched into a vertical profile at a high rate using a parallel-plate reactor under mild conditions. The key factor for the success of this process is a copper swelling phenomenon from the plasma–copper reaction. The reaction…
Using original modulation technique, the longitudinal electron spin-relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ has been measured directly in the paramagnetic state of three ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ samples $(x=0.2,$ 0.25, and 0.33). Well above the phase-transition temperature ${T}_{c},$ the…
Optically activated indium oxide diffractive optical microstructures are demonstrated through a two step laser based fabrication method. Nonstoichiometric indium oxide thin film material grown by reactive pulsed laser deposition has been selectively transferred onto glass substrates by ultrashort pulse laser microprin…
The orientational order parameter decrease, due to nematic director macroscopic fluctuations, is obtained by birefringence measurements around the nematic <--> smectic-A transition temperature of the liquid crystal 4'-n-octyl-4-cyanobiphenyl. The measured nematic order reduction shows the same amplitude as the seconda…
Molecular beam epitaxial methods have been used to grow single crystal Laves phase DyFe2/YFe2 superlattice samples with a (110) growth direction. Detailed magnetization curves have been obtained for YFe2 dominated multilayer samples [wDyFe2/4wYFe2]×16 with w=45, 50, and 55 Å. In particular, it is shown that the format…
We report on a strong intrinsic optical anisotropy of Si induced by its dielectric patterning. As a result, an in-plane birefringence for nanostructured (110) Si surfaces is found to be 104 times stronger than that observed in bulk silicon crystals. We found the value of birefringence to be strongly dependent on the d…
We report some time-dependent behavior of lyotropic lamellar phase under shear flow. At fixed stress, near a layering instability, the system presents an oscillating shear rate. We build up a new stress versus shear rate diagram that includes temporal behavior. This diagram is made of two distinct branches of stationa…
Electromigration in 0.27 μm wide Cu damascene interconnections has been investigated. The results show that the electromigration time to failure of Cu interconnections is greatly influenced by the thickness of the metal liner at the contact between the via and underlying line. A remarkably long lifetime was achieved w…
The magnetic response of a ferrimagnetic/ferrimagnetic superlattice, $[{\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}(20\AA{})/{\mathrm{Mn}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}(80\AA{}){]}_{x20},$ is measured as a function of external field (-50--50 kOe) and temperature (5--300 K). A compensation point ${(T}_{\mathrm{cp}})$ is identified \ensurem…
Raman spectra of La(0.75)Ca(0.25)MnO(3) have been collected for the first time over a wide pressure range (0-14 GPa) using a diamond anvil cell. The frequency range explored (200-1100 cm(-1)) and the very good quality of the data allowed us to carefully analyze the pressure evolution of the phonon modes of the MnO(6)…
The CNx/carbon nanotube junctions were successfully synthesized by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition method from the mixture of N2/CH4 and H2/CH4 gases in a continuous growth process. High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that these junctions were of heterostructure between CNx na…
Dielectric relaxation measurements on supercooled triphenyl phosphite show that time-temperature superposition (TTS) is obeyed for the primary relaxation process at low temperatures. Measurements on other molecular liquids close to the calorimetric glass transition indicate that TTS is linked to an omega(-1/2) high-fr…
Taking the pseudobinary C15-Laves phase compound Ce(Fe$_{0.96}$Al$_{0.04}$)$_2$ as a paradigm for studying a ferromagnetic(FM) to antiferromagnetic(AFM) phase transition, we present interesting thermomagnetic history effects in magnetotransport measurements across this FM-AFM transition. We argue that these distinctiv…
The reptation concept in polymer dynamics is studied for model chains with added stiffness. The main idea of a chain diffusing inside a tube can be transferred from fully flexible chains. However, the picture, which renormalizes the chain of locally stiff Kuhn segments onto a flexible chain of fewer segments fails. Th…
Using a first-principles density functional approach, we calculate the first-order Raman intensities of \ensuremath{\alpha}-quartz. The dynamical charge tensors, vibrational frequencies and eigenmodes, and polarizability tensors are obtained within a perturbational approach. We calculate Raman intensities by evaluatin…