Materials Literature
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The established model of the flashover of an insulator, whose surface is covered with a moist, conducting layer of pollution, envisages that it develops from the formation and bridging of a dry band by a partial-arc pre-discharge. This pre-discharge is assumed to possess arc characteristics, so that the electric field…
Zinc oxide films derived from drop-coating solutions of zinc acetate in ethanol followed by chemical bath deposition were examined for their suitability as buffer layers for high temperature vapor phase deposition of large area, aligned, zinc oxide nanorod arrays. An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of substr…
We have developed an energy analyzer, High Voltage-Cylinder Sector Analyzer 300/15, for electron kinetic energies up to 15 keV. It is especially suited for hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, but also for ultraviolet and soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, x-ray photoemiss…
We report a new surface-initiated polymerization strategy that yields superhydrophobic polymethylene (PM) films from initially smooth substrates of gold and silicon. The films are prepared by assembling a vinyl-terminated self-assembled monolayer, followed by exposure of the surface to a 0.1 M solution of borane, and…
Abstract Using the discontinuity of the chemical potential as a function of excess charge, the fundamental gaps for finite systems and the band gaps of extended solids are determined within reduced density matrix functional theory. We also present the necessary and sufficient conditions for the one-body reduced densit…
Abstract The occurrence of halloysite and/or kaolinite in clay-rich, vein-like zones in saprolites in Hong Kong has provided the opportunity to examine the conditions determining the formation of one kaolin mineral or the other and also the nature of their particles. Clay-rich zones within tuffaceous or granitic sapro…
Bubble assemblies offer the remarkable property of adjusting their packing fraction over three orders of magnitude, thus providing an interesting system for the study of liquid flows through granular matter. Although significant work has been done in several fields of research, e.g., foams, porous media, and suspensio…
Techniques for practical preparation of carbon nitride have been developed and tested by analyzing the currently available data on the methods and approaches to the synthesis of a hypothetical crystalline carbon nitride with due regard for its theoretical characteristics. The conclusions regarding the prospects of the…
A method for the fabrication of porous anodic alumina (PAA) membrane without bottom barrier layer on Al substrate is described. In this method, two-step anodizing followed by a barrier thinning process at the end of the second anodization was used to prepare wide range highly-ordered PAA membrane with a thin barrier l…
We report the synthesis of gold and silver nanostructures embedded in different dielectric matrices by atom beam co-sputtering, a novel technique. We have synthesized gold-silicon core shell nanostructures and Au-ZnO nanocomposite with tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) by atom beam co-sputtering and subsequent a…
A newly designed color-tunable light-emitting device based on the mixture of CdSe nanorods and quantum dots embedded in liquid-crystal cells has been developed. The underlying working principle is derived from a large alignment energy due to the enhanced anchoring force of liquid-crystal molecules through the amplifie…
New scheme of a functional composite material based on a shape memory alloy has been developed and experimentally tested. The proposed scheme ensures a giant reversible bending deformaion using only one-way shape memory. The scheme has been experimentally implemented on models manufactured by galvanic deposition of ni…
The analysis of transparent conducting oxide nanostructures suffers from a lack of high throughput yet quantitatively sensitive set of analytical techniques that can properly assess their electrical properties and serve both as characterization and diagnosis tools. This is addressed by applying a comprehensive set of…
Phase-controlled synthesis of CdS nanoparticles from zinc-blende to wurtzite has been successfully realized by an inorganic salt-induced process with no use of surfactants or other ligands in an ultrasound-assisted microwave synthesis system. Pure zinc-blende CdS nanoparticles were produced without adding NaCl, while…
New nanotools for the imaging of cancer cells have been synthesized. Two-photon dye-doped 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-grafted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have been grafted with folic acid (FA) functionalized PEG groups. Amine-PEG groups were first reacted with an activated ester derivative of FA. A mixture…
Leakage current (LC) measurement is one of the effective methods for analysis of polluted insulators. But the traditional evaluation methods do not combine well the time-domain with frequency-domain characteristics of LC. In order to evaluate the safety condition of polluted insulators more effectively, an artificial…
A series of novel branched polyester-based ionomers were synthesized with trihydroxy ethyl esters of trimethyl-1,3,5-benzentricarboxylate (as branching agent) and sodium salt of 2-hydroxyethyl 3-(phenylphosphinyl)propionate (SHPPP, as end-capping agent) by melt polycondensation. The chemical structures of the branched…
The selective reflection of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) is well-known and has been utilized in a number of dynamic optical applications. This work presents a novel approach to passively (e.g., all-optically) cue reflection notch broadening in photoresponsive CLC formulations based on high helical twisting power…
Piezoelectric temperature stabilities are often a critical issue for many piezoelectric materials in practical applications. We report an important physical phenomenon recently discovered in a variety of (K,Na)NbO3-based ceramics. Piezoelectric properties are extremely temperature-stable in orthorhombic phase. No or o…
Using pyrohydrolytic synthesis, we have obtained a continuous series of Mg(Fe1 − x Ga x )2O4 + δ solid solutions, as checked by X-ray diffraction. The magnetization and coercivity of the samples have been determined from field dependences in applied magnetic fields of ±5 T, and their conductivity has been assessed usi…