Materials Literature
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Trp-999 is a key residue for the action of beta-galactosidases (Escherichia coli). Several site specific substitutions (Phe, Gly, Tyr, Leu) for Trp-999 were made. Each substitution caused greatly decreased affinities for substrates and inhibitors that bind in the "shallow" mode, while the affinities of inhibitors that…
The divergent synthesis of amphiphilic linear−dendritic block copolymers, LDBCs, that contain linear poly(ethylene glycol), PEG, and dendritic poly(benzyl ester)s is explored in this report. First [G1]- and second [G2]-generation LDBCs are constructed from PEG with a molecular weight of 5000 Da and 3,5-dioxy benzoate…
The sputtering technology for deposition of thermoelectric effective bismuth telluride-type material thin films on foils including pattern generation by photolithography was developed by D.T.S. The properties as electrical conductivity, thermoelectric power and the power factor of such p- and n-type films are presente…
The dynamic properties of a single dislocation in Cu under an applied stress are studied using constant stress and temperature molecular dynamics. The dislocation is found to accelerate to a terminal velocity. The terminal velocity initially increases linearly with stress and finally approaches the shear wave velocity…
We compare the potential energy at zero temperature of a range of crystal structures for a glass-forming binary mixture of Lennard-Jones particles. The lowest-energy ordered state consists of coexisting phases of a single component face centered cubic structure and an equimolar cesium chloride structure. An infinite n…
The feathers of birds develop from embryonic epidermal lineages that differentiate during outgrowth of the feather germ. Independent cell populations also form an embryonic epidermis on scutate scales, which consists of peridermal layers, a subperiderm, and an alpha stratum. Using an antiserum (anti-FbetaK) developed…
Four polymorphic crystals were obtained by recrystallization of 1,2-bis(2-methyl-5-p-methoxyphenyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene (1 a) from hexane. All crystals underwent photochromic reactions upon alternate irradiation with ultraviolet (lambda=370 nm) and visible light (lambda>500 nm). The photocyclization quantum…
Facilities and methods for the high-throughput crystal structure analysis of human proteins are described as recently established in the Protein Structure Factory, a Berlin-area structural genomics project. Genes encoding human proteins are expressed in either recombinant Escherichia coli or yeast (Saccharomyces cerev…
In the last decade, significant technology advancements have dramatically altered approaches to electrical insulation development. This revolution came about with the discovery and patenting in the 1980s, of the use of inorganic fillers to enhance the electrical properties of insulating materials. The first commercial…
Milled zircon, d 50 ≈ 9 μm, was fused with caustic soda pearls in open reaction vessels at temperatures between 650 and 850 °C. Fusion times of 1, 2, 4, 24, and 336 h (with intermittent milling) were investigated. The fusion products were characterized by X-ray diffraction and by wet-chemical analysis. For prolonged f…
In this paper, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and metastable impact electron spectroscopy (MIES) results are reported for water adsorption on SiO 2 /Mo(112) surfaces. It is shown that UPS spectra are insufficient for the determination of the detailed mechanism for water dissociation. By use of UPS in com…
Oxidative degradation of cis- and trans-1,4-polyisoprenes by two types of enzyme-mediator systems, lipoxygenase/linoleic acid and horseradish peroxidase/1-hydroxybenzotriazole, was investigated at 37 degrees C in aqueous media and analyzed by gel permeation chromatography. Lipoxygenase and horseradish peroxidase activ…
Polystyrene (PS) colloidal particles have been used as templates to produce ordered macroporous silica structures. The silica films were deposited from ethanol solution containing acidic water and tetraethyl orthosilicate. The silica-coated PS spheres were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, and the…
A method based on a hydrothermal process was applied to obtain not only ultrafine but also well-dispersed CeO2 nanoparticles by the application of citric acid as a protective agent against particle growth. The well-defined crystallites have a narrow size distribution, and the mean size and BET specific surface area ar…
A $(10\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}10)$ single-walled carbon nanotube consisting of 400 atoms with 20 layers is simulated under tensile loading using our developed $O(N)$ parallel tight-binding molecular-dynamics algorithms. It is observed that the simulated carbon nanotube is able to carry the strain up to 122%…
High-oxygen-pressure annealing, cold pressing, and measurement of properties under pressure have been used to reveal and to follow in the single-valent perovskites $R{\mathrm{NiO}}_{3}$ $(R=\mathrm{lanthanide})$ a crossover from localized to itinerant electronic behavior. Cold pressing proved critical for obtaining ne…
Self-assembled multilayer films of titania nanoparticles and composite films of nanoparticles/nanosheets have been fabricated on various substrates using appropriate polyelectrolytes as counterions. UV−vis spectroscopy and ellipsometric data for the multilayer buildup process of TiO 2 nanoparticles indicated that a ne…
Antiferromagnetic manipulation was used to controllably stretch individual metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT's). We have found that SWNT's can sustain elongations as great as 30% without breaking. Scanned gate microscopy and transport measurements were used to probe the effects of the mechanical strain on…
We study a model for water with a tunable intramolecular interaction J(sigma), using mean-field theory and off-lattice Monte Carlo simulations. For all J(sigma)> or =0, the model displays a temperature of maximum density. For a finite intramolecular interaction J(sigma)>0, our calculations support the presence of a li…
The electronic structure of charge-ordered magnetite $({\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4})$ below the Verwey transition and Mn-, Co-, or Ni-substituted ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ are investigated theoretically from first principles, using the fully relativistic Dirac linear muffin-tin orbital band-structure me…