Materials Literature
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This study introduces a novel approach for producing powder through an electrochemical route. To this end, nanocrystalline powder was coprecipitated electrochemically by the cathodic electrogeneration of hydroxyl ion from an aqueous ammonium nitrate electrolyte. The powder was deposited potentiostatically in a quiesce…
Current transport through mesa structures formed by Pt electroless deposition on p-Si wafers has been studied. The silicon treatment in the solution of sodium chloroplatinate in dilute HF acid is shown to result in both Pt nucleation on the Si surface (cathodic process) and Si wafer etching by fluoride ions (anodic pr…
We provide an overview of theoretical models of plastic deformation processes in nanocrystalline materials. The special attention is paid to the abnormal Hall-Petch relationship which manifests itself as the softening of nanocrystalline materials with reducing the mean grain size. Theoretical models are considered whi…
A catalytic system consisting of water-soluble metal sulfophthalocyanines (MPcS) or various ruthenium complexes and mono-persulfate as the oxidant was effective in the oxidation of cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol and cyclohexane to adipic acid with different yields and selectivity. Oxidations were conducted at room temper…
CydR is an Fnr-like protein in the obligatory aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii. The cydR mutant overproduces the cytochrome bd terminal oxidase. Using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we showed that beta-ketothiolase and acetoacetyl-CoA reductase were also overexpressed in th…
At Steep Cone hot spring, Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, a mound of siliceous deposits called "siliceous sinter" forms from discharged boiling geothermal water that is supersaturated with amorphous silica. Electron-probe microanalyzer (EPMA) observations suggested that silica is deposited on the surfac…
Improvement of the paint adhesion to a polypropylene (PP) bumper has been investigated without using a primer by treating the bumper surface with O2, H2O, and acetylene plasmas. All the plasma treatments resulted in an increase of the adhesion strength in dry conditions. The adhesion strength could be increased up to…
To develop a new technique for the effective utilization of bagasse, cyanoethylation was attempted to see if bagasse could be converted into a thermoplastic material. The effects of various reaction parameters (temperature, time, alkali concentration, and acrylonitrile-to-bagasse ratio) on the extent of the cyanoethyl…
A highly selective and stable FeCl2/SiO2 catalyst system was studied for the dehydrochlorination of various chloro-organic compounds from the fuel oil derived from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) containing waste plastics.
Nifedipine is a poorly water soluble drug that demonstrates low bioavailability. In a previous study, a coground mixture of nifedipine with sodium deoxycholate (DCNa), a bile salt, immediately produced colloidal particles when dispersed in water. In this study, the effect of the weight fraction of DCNa, grinding time,…
Large power transformers belong to a class of vital and very expensive components in electric power systems. Accordingly, high demands are imposed on power transformer protective relays. The operating conditions of transformer protection, however, do not make the relaying task easy. Protection of large power transform…
Synthetic organic chemistry normally achieves selectivity by manipulation of the intrinsic reactivity of the substrate, but enzyme use is quite a different principle. The geometry of the enzyme-substrate complex determines enzymatic selectivity, completely overwhelming any normal selective reactivities. Biomimetic che…
The NLO properties of a series of vinylenephenylene complexes with a pendant ferrocene and an end-capping pyridine have been evaluated by the HRS method. The NLO responses (β) are clearly dependent on both the nature of the electron-accepting fragment and the length of the conjugated chain. As seen in some previous wo…
Using glancing angle deposition and templating techniques, we fabricated a number of thin films with unique perforation geometries. Template thin films consisting of columns having the negative of the desired pore shape ( i.e. , arrays of isolated helices or chevrons) were first deposited by glancing angle deposition.…
The secondary arm spacing in Fe–C, Fe–P, Fe–C–P and Al–Cu alloys are numerically predicted using a phase-field model. The calculated arm spacing and the exponent of the local solidification time are compared with the experimental data. Each calculated exponent differs depending on Fe-base or Al-base alloys. The change…
A β-cyclodextrin substituted with amino and carboxymethyl groups on the primary and secondary side respectively, has a positively charged primary face and a negatively charged secondary face at neutral pH, and self-assembles in water into supramolecular tapes that are 50–300 nanometres wide and up to 20 micrometres lo…
The purpose of this study was to reveal the effectiveness of the polymer coated liposomes as a carrier of the anticancer drug doxorubicin in intravenous administration. The size controlled doxorubicin-loaded liposomes (egg phosphatidylcholine : cholesterol = 1:1 in molar ratio) were coated with hydrophilic polymers (p…
Oxygen plasma resistance of low-k organosilica glasses (OSGs) is shown to be strongly dependent on the material structure: a silicon oxycarbide has a higher oxygen plasma resistance compared to a conventional OSG. The silicon oxycarbide is stable at pressures up to 300 mTorr, which is 10 times higher than those of the…
Surface characterization of Al2O3, In2O3–Al2O3 and Ga2O3–Al2O3 prepared by sol–gel method was made focusing on the acid–base properties. Cyclohexanol conversion as a model reaction revealed that acid sites rather than basic sites are present predominantly on the surface. The presence of Lewis acid sites was confirmed…
Recent demonstrations of direct utilization of hydrocarbon fuels have stimulated an automotive interest in solid oxide fuel cells for reformerless auxiliary power units with high power density, high chemical-to-electrical efficiency, and low exhaust emissions. Furthermore, recent designs with small-diameter oxide tube…