Materials Literature
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The first stage of environmental stress cracking (ESC), namely craze initiation, is discussed. The currently accepted mechanisms of ESC initiation are reviewed and developments in methods of predicting ESC, both in terms of the stress conditions required and the thermodynamics of the polymer andenvironment are discuss…
Nd2Fe14B is currendy the best (highest energy product) hard magnet available. Like mostmagnetic materials, it is rather brittle. The fracture toughness of specimens of commercially available hard magnets were measured using a chevron notch, three-point bend test. Values for Nd2Fe14B magnets ranged from 2.5 to 5.5 MPa√…
Fe2O3-PbO-Bi2O3 glasses were prepared by the press-quenching method and their dc conductivities in the temperature range 373-573K were measured. The glass formation region was found to be Fe2O3=0-30mol%, PbO=0-40mol%, Bi2O3=0-100mol%. The Seebeck coefficients showed these glasses to be p-type semiconductors. The glass…
Nb 6 C 7 + is studied using a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer coupled to a compact supersonic source. Its reactions with H 2 O, NH 3, CH 3 OH, CH 3 CN, and C 6 H 6 are reported. For each of these ligands, sequential attachment reactions occur leading to the initial truncation produc…
Using the laboratory XAFS facility, we have performed to determine the local structure in potassium silicate glasses (K2O·4SiO2, K2O·3SiO2, K2O·2SiO2 and 0.2(Al2O3)·0.8(K2O·4SiO2)) respectively in order to clucidate the environment of modifying potassium ion which is extremely sensitive to the morphology of the networ…
Some samples of tetrafluoroethylene copolymers, containing perfluoropropyl vinyl ether, perfluoromethyl vinyl ether, and hexafluoropropene, were studied by small-angle X-ray scattering in order to investigate the correlation among the crystalline lamellar thickness and both the comonomer content and the molecular weig…
The properties of the simplest sodide, LiNa(CH 3 NH 2 ) n, are reported as a function of n . The phase diagram, established by using differential thermal analysis, shows the presence of a compound with n ≈ 6, which melts congruently at 168.5 ± 0.5 K. Two eutectics are present with n = 7.3 ± 0.3, T 1 = 166 ± 1 K and n…
Syntheses of the acenaphtho[1,2-b][1,4]dithiine derivatives 12, 25 and 29 are reported. Cyclic voltammetric studies reveal that these compounds undergo reversible single-electron oxidations at < 1.0 V, vs. Ag/AgCl. Lithiation of compound 12 with BuLi (2 equiv.) followed by addition of either methyl iodide or ethyl chl…
Description Features the most current test and analysis methods applied to composite materials and structures, as well as this decade's latest technological developments in composites. 21 papers from the world's leading experts in the field focus on the following categories: • Environmental Effects Testing, •Design Al…
The crystallization rates of fused nifedipine in 6 mixtures with different polymeric pharmaceutical excipients were each measured as a function of the water content using an isothermal microcalorimeter. In all the excipients studied, the crystallization rate increased as the water content increased, but the extent of…
Silver decoration method was applied to platinum, palladium and type 304 austenitic stainless steel to visualize the hydrogen distribution in those metals. The electrochemically hydrogen-charged specimens were dipped into the silver decoration solution of K[Ag(CN)2]. The silver decoration process was confirmed to be c…
Some azines with potential nonlinear optical properties of the second order have been synthesised by condensation of the appropriate hydrazones and aldehydes. The compounds have been chemically functionalised to allow their use in the synthesis of polymers containing the azine groups as side chain pendants. The charac…
Hectorite type clays modified with gadolinium(III) were prepared by ion-exchange of natural (SHCa) hectorite and synthetic (SLH) hectorite. Results show that Gd(III) content in the clay increases with increasing gadolinium(III) in the exchange solution within the range between 0 and 25% of the Gd/clay weight ratio. St…
Palladium membrane has been studied for sepration and purification of hydrogen isotopes because of its large permeability. In order to consider permeation of mixture of hydrogen isotopes, solubilities of protium and deuterium in palladium were studied in the temperature range of room temperature to 500°C using breakth…
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimens of a first core heat of 316 stainless steel, in both the solution annealed and 20% cold worked condition, were irradiated to 46 dpa at 420°C, to 49 dpa at 520°C, and to 34 dpa at 600°C in FFTF/MOTA. Prior to irradiation, some of the specimens were pre-implanted with app…
Fouling plays a dominant role in heat exchanger performance. It is extremely important to choose the most appropriate type of heat exchanger for a particular application and adopt proper values for fouling resistance. A design practice for shell-and-tube heat exchangers that will limit fouling to a minimum and thus en…
This review describes current trend in development of corrosion protective plating for applications in the automotive, buildings, aircraft and others industries. Although zinc is widely used for providing sacrificial (cathode) protection to steel in a severe corrosion environment, zinc is consumed rapidly. Recent dema…
Sialate lyase (sialate aldolase; systematic name N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase, EC 4.1.3.3) was isolated as soluble enzyme from pig kidney and purified 630-fold using a heating step, gel filtration, and chromatography on immobilized neuraminic acid beta-methyl glycoside in 14% yield to apparent homogeneity as tes…
To calculate the radial current distribution and core loss within a concentric-lay steel-cored conductor, the magnetic properties of the core must be known for any service condition. The paper describes comprehensive measurements on a length of the steel core taken from a 54/3.77 mm+19/2.24 mn (Grackle) ACSR conductor…
The introduction of Zr-lined “barrier” fuel clad tubing by GE in the early 1980s to counter the pellet-clad interaction (PCI) failure mechanism in fuel for boiling water reactors provided a major improvement in fuel reliability and operational flexibility. While the frequency of fuel failures has been substantially re…