Historical Aspects of Polymer Fire Retardance
The history of polymer fire retardance is reviewed from its inception with the early Egyptians to the most recent developments in intumescent fire retardants and inherently fire retardant polymers.
Materials Literature
文献浏览
按标题、摘要、年份、主题和来源检索公开元数据。结果保留作者、摘要、分类与原始来源链接。
Effects of Structural Order on Barrier Properties
The effects of molecular order on the gas transport mechanism in polymers are examined. Generally, orientation and crystallization of polymers improves the barrier properties of the material as a result of the increased packing efficiency of the polymer chains. Liquid crystal polymers (LCP) have a unique morphology wi…
11B NMR spectra and structure of boric oxide and alkali borate glasses
Abstract High-resolution 11B magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR investigations of boric oxide and alkali borate glasses have been carried out. The chemical shift of the trigonal boron shows anomalous behaviour around 10 mol. % alkali oxide. In an attempt to explain this unusual feature, we have carefully examined the stru…
Impurity-induced 900 °C (2×2) surface reconstruction of SrTiO3(100)
A p(2×2)surface reconstruction is observed over the 800–900 °C range for SrTiO3 (100), the temperature range which is used in the oxygen anneal of Y, Ba, Cu layers on SrTiO3 (100) substrates in the synthesis of high Tc superconducting thin films. As observed by Auger electron spectroscopy, high-temperature annealing c…
Small-angle x-ray-scattering study of ordering kinetics in a block copolymer
The kinetics of microphase separation and ordering of a diblock copolymer onto a lattice has been studied using time-resolved high-resolution small-angle x-ray scattering. The measurements show rapid formation of spherical domains after quenching and a subsequent ordering of the spheres. The results are discussed with…
Mode coupling theory for the glass transition in a simple binary mixture
The mode coupling equations describing the ideal glass transition in simple liquids are generalised to treat binary mixtures. These equations are solved numerically to obtain the phase diagram, the glass order parameters, and the exponents ruling the long time dynamics of a soft sphere model for which numerical simula…
Oriented hydrocarbons transferred from a high performance lubricative amorphous C:H:Si film during sliding in a vacuum
Amorphous C:H containing silicon film shows an extremely low friction coefficient of 0.007 when the film is rubbed with a steel ball in a vacuum. This film is deposited on steel with an electron cyclotron resonance plasma of ethylene and silane. Polarized microinfrared spectroscopy reveals that high lubrication perfor…
X-ray spectromicroscopy with a zone plate generated microprobe
The scanning photoelectron microscope at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) has recently recorded micrographs with a resolution below half a micron. To demonstrate elemental and chemical sensitivity at the submicron level, an artificial structure consisting of Al and SiO2 lines on a boron-doped silicon subst…
Synthesis and characterization of mannich bases from cardbisphenol
Abstract Water‐soluble Mannich bases were synthesized from cardbisphenol by Mannich reaction and were characterized by 1 H‐NMR and 13 C‐NMR spectroscopic methods. The effect of electrodeposition parameters on the film formation from binders and from the pigmented composition were studied. The polymers gave uniform coa…
Simultaneous Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Infrared Spectroscopy
The simultaneous measurement of thermal response and infrared spectra on specimens of microscopic dimensions was demonstrated for polymer melting and crystallization of polymer blends. The measurement technique was achieved by combining a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) having provision for microscopic observa…
Investigations on the curing of epoxides with phthalic anhydride
Abstract The anhydride curing of epoxides was studied by performing copolymerizations of epichlorohydrin, phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE), or bisphenol‐A‐diglycidyl ether (BADGE) with phthalic anhydride (PSA). As initiators, tertiary amines or ammonium salts were used. In the case of epichlorohydrin, linear polyesters wer…
Thermal effects of heat‐resistant rubber blends. I. Joule heating effects in carbon black‐loaded NR/SBR blends
Abstract A heat‐resistant rubber blend of natural rubber NR and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR‐1502) was prepared according to the standard techniques. The rubber blend was loaded with different concentrations of LAMP black and general purpose furnace (GPF) black for obtaining conductive rubber composites. The obtained…
Effect of compositional and structural heterogeneities on the magnetic properties of amorphous CoZrNb thin films (abstract)
Nanometer-scale thin-film heterogeneities are important for determining the magnetic properties of amorphous, soft magnetic films.1 The remanent-magnetization distributions in ultrasoft films appear to result from the balance of magnetostatic and exchange energies associated with the nanometer-scale heterogeneity.2 In…
A Polish process for pentaerythritol manufacture
Pentaerythritol is a synthetic polyalcohol with the formula C 2OH)4, obtained in the reaction of one acetaldehyde molecule with four molecules of formaldehyde. This reaction takes place in a dilute aqueous solution in the presence of alkaline catalysts. Besides the pentaerythritol a salt of formic acid, most often sod…
Growth of octacalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate crystals in silica gels
Abstract The crystallization of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) have been studied at ambient temperature in silica gel using double diffusion system. The first stage of evolution of the OCP spherulites as well as their growth have been observed by optical microscopy. The growth rat…
Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy of TbFe, TbFeCo, and Dy-Fe Compositionally Modulated Films
Compositionally modulated TbFe and TbFeCo amorphous films were prepared on glass substrates by the bias-modulated sputtering method. The modulated structure was confirmed for modulation lengths larger than 14 Å by X-ray small angle diffraction. Sharp layer boundaries were clearly observed using cross-sectional TEM. Th…
A model for the dielectric behaviour of [N(CH3)4]2XCl4with X=Co, Zn
A phenomenological model for the dielectric anomaly at the incommensurate-ferroelectric phase transition in [N(CH3)4]2XCl4 (X=Co, Zn) is presented. A first order transition between the incommensurate phase (in a sinusoidal regime) and the ferroelectric phase is assumed. A divergency of the dielectric susceptibility of…
Radiation-enhanced sublimation of graphite in PISCES experiments
Radiation enhanced sublimation (RES) of graphite leads to potentially high erosion rates in advanced fusion devices (Compact Ignition Tokamak, CIT) and (the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ITER) and may be important in the ‘‘carbon blooms’’ observed in Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) and the Joint…
Preparation and properties of disilane‐containing photodegradable aromatic polyamides from bis(p‐aminophenyl)tetramethyldisilane and aromatic diacid chlorides
Abstract 1,2‐Bis( p ‐aminophenyl)tetramethyldisilane was synthesized from 1,2‐dichlorotetramethyldisilane and 4‐[ N,N ‐bis(trimethylsilyl)amino]phenyllithium. The diamine was reacted with various aromatic diacid chlorides giving disilane‐containing aromatic polyamides (aramids), whose inherent viscosities were between…
Glass–Crystal Transition in II‐IV‐V 2 Semiconducting Compounds
The crystallization behavior of amorphous CdGe x As 2 , where the x values were varied from 0 to 1.2, was studied in order to document the effect of germanium on the amorphous structure. The glass‐forming tendency of amorphous CdGe x As 2 was evaluated by Hruby's criterion. The crystallization mechanism of each group…