Materials Literature
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Abstract Polylactide (PLA) and a block copolymer, poly‐ DL ‐lactide–poly(ethylene glycol) (PELA) were synthesized by bulk ring‐opening polymerization initiated by stannous chloride. A linear DNA molecule, λDNA, was used as the model DNA. PLA, PELA, λDNA‐loaded PLA and PELA microspheres were prepared by the solvent‐ext…
Abstract Two fully fluorinated polymers, poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membranes and poly(tetrafluoroethylene‐ co ‐hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) films, were modified by graft copolymerization with monoacryloxyethyl phosphate (MAEP) in an aqueous solution at ambient temperature using gamma irradiation. The modified mem…
A geometrical model is proposed for the recently observed transformation under the action of highly localized stresses during the surface scratch test of the icosahedral phase into a body-centred cubic (BCC) phase, the disordered version of the B2 phase with the CsCl structure, which occupies a large portion of the Al…
Scaled particle theory is used to calculate the equation of state for and the free volume accessible to a non-adsorbing polymer, represented by spheres, in a system of colloidal platelets, represented by cut spheres. At low densities the predictions agree very well with computer simulations. For infinitely thin discs,…
The carbon nanocoil is an interesting kind of nanomaterial, which is expected to have various novel applications in microelectronics, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and bioMEMS due to its nanosize coil morphology. Carbon nanocoils were synthesized by catalytic pyrolysis of acetylene over 2.2–3.0 µm Ni particles…
The grafting of malonamide-type molecules onto the surface of mesoporous silicate MCM-41 in a two-step process is demonstrated. This synthesis route yields a large surface concentration of accessible extraction sites as high as 2.5 μmol m -2 . The textural properties of the materials are shown to be preserved, as demo…
The ultrastructure of fibrous long spacing (FLS) collagen fibrils has been investigated by performing both atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on exactly the same area of FLS collagen fibril samples. These FLS collagen fibrils were formed in vitro from type I collagen and alpha1-ac…
Abstract The solution polycondensation of a mixture of various parts of isophthalic acid (IPA) and terephthalic acid (TPA) with 4,4′‐dihydroxydiphenylsulfone (BPS) with tosyl chloride/dimethylformamide/pyridine as a condensing agent was studied. To elucidate how the reaction should be done to obtain copolymers of high…
Abstract A comprehensive study of the three‐layer film coextrusion was performed. Plasticized wheat starch (PWS) was chosen as the film central layer, and poly(ester amide) (PEA) was used as the surface outer layers. Single‐screw extruders and a standard feedblock attached to a flat coat‐hanger die were used to prepar…
In an extension of our previous study on the electron polarons and excitons in KNbO 3 , KTaO 3 and BaTiO 3 (Kotomin E A, Eglitis R I and Borstel G 2000 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 12 L557; Eglitis R I, Kotomin E A and Borstel G 2002 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 14 3735) by the semiempirical Hartree–Fock method we present her…
A novel arsenic-selenium solution species was synthesized by reacting equimolar sodium selenite and sodium dimethylarsinate with 10 mol equiv of glutathione (pH 7.5) in aqueous solution. The solution species showed a single (77)Se NMR resonance at 112.8 ppm. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) using an inductively cou…
Doping (protonation) of polyaniline (PANI) in the oxidation state of emeraldine with diesters of 4-sulfophthalic acid containing flexible alkyl or alkoxy substituents leads to flexible, partially crystalline polymeric conductors which show supramolecular organization of layered-type. Diesters doped PANI exhibits two g…
The static and dynamic properties of 2- and 3-dimensional dispersions of strongly interacting colloidal spheres are examined. Quasi-2-dimensional dispersions of particles interacting by long range electrostatic and dipolar magnetic forces, respectively, are investigated using Brownian dynamics computer simulations wit…
Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate routes to upgrade recycled engineering plastics, especially mixed plastics with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymers (ABS) as the major component. A core‐shell impact modifier was successfully used to improve the impact strength of blends of ABS and ABS/polycarbonate…
We achieved separate detection of the components of 10 ppm of a benzene, toluene, and o-xylene mixture gas by using mesoporous silica powder incorporated in our microfluidic device. The device consists of concentration and detection cells formed of 3 cm x 1 cm Pyrex plates. We first introduced the mixture gas into the…
Abstract The graft copolymerization of acrylamide–methylacrylate comonomers was carried out using ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator in the presence of nitric acid at 25 ± 1°C. The effects of feed molarity, feed composition, reaction time, and temperature on graft yield (% G ) and other grafting parameters were inves…
The Raman spectra of tetragonal CaMoO 4 (scheelite structure, C 4h 6 space group) have been measured in the temperature range 12–1300 K. At high temperatures, the frequency and linewidth of all Raman-active phonons vary almost linearly with temperature, indicating that the three-phonon decay processes are dominant ove…
Studies on a large number of compositions among the ferromagnetic self-doped manganites, La 1−x MnO 3 , show that the ferromagnetic Curie temperature increases with x and reaches a maximum value for x = 1/7. T c remains independent of x for x ≥ 1/7 and the maximum value of the magnetization is obtained for x = 1/8. Th…
We shall discuss the following phenomena found in various colloidal systems in shear flow. We recently observed shear-banding in suspensions of fd-virus in a cylindrical shear cell. Small angle light scattering experiments revealed that the shear-banding transition is preceded by a relatively fast process (minutes) of…
We show that crystals of molecular nanomagnets can exhibit giant magnetic relaxation due to the Dicke superradiance of electromagnetic waves. Rigorous theory is presented that combines superradiance with the Landau-Zener effect.