Materials Literature
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The finite-temperature magnetism of rare-earth transition-metal intermetallics is investigated by extending the n-component vector spin model to two-sublattice magnets. Mean-field analysis shows that the influence of the rare-earth anisotropy on the mean-field Curie temperature is much smaller than expected from the l…
In this paper, the deterministic prediction of damage via damage function analysis (DFA), which provides a robust technology for estimating the damage function at future times, is described. General analytical expressions for calculating the damage functions that can be used with arbitrary dependencies of pit nucleati…
An X-ray diffraction peak-decomposition procedure using a Pearson type VII function is described and implemented in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to aid a beginning student of X-ray diffraction.
All-polymer electrostrictive soft films were developed for the first time by depositing conductive polymer (polypyrrole) directly on both sides of solution-cast electrostrictive polyurethane elastomer films. The final composite films are flexible with strong adhesion between the polyurethane film and the conductive po…
Oxygen bubbles evolved in potassium hydroxide solution during electrolysis have been reported to be mutually attractive. A model based on thermocapillary flow and migration can explain the effect. A temperature gradient directed perpendicular to the electrode's surface into the liquid phase arises during electrolysis…
The effect of grain size, D, on the intragranular domain state and initial permeability, μi, of polycrystalline MgMnZn ferrites has been investigated. The intragranular domain state is found to change from mono- to two domain at D=2.9±0.2 μm. Despite this change, μi follows a continuous dependence on D, which can be d…
The magnetic ground state of cobalt perovskite ${\mathrm{SrCoO}}_{3}$ is under much debate at present due to its complex magnetic properties. To shed further light on this issue we have studied various magnetic structures of enlarged double cells. The calculation is carried out self-consistently within the unrestricte…
The parabolic rate constant for the solid‐state reaction of was measured at temperatures between 1483 and 1688 K in air and at 1695 K in oxygen pressures between 2.1 × 10 4 and . According to Wagner's theory, the diffusion coefficient of in was evaluated using the parabolic rate constant and the standard Gibbs energy…
Poor compaction can lead to early deterioration of an asphalt pavement. It often happens when paving occurs during adverse weather conditions. Yet, in Minnesota, paving must often occur under adverse conditions. A new tool now simulates the cooling of an asphalt mat behind the paver under a variety of environmental co…
The Raman band of the stretching vibration of interstitial oxygen molecules in glassy SiO2 is found at 1548.5±1 cm−1. By comparison with the Raman spectrum of gaseous O2 (Q band at 1555.5 cm−1), the concentration of the interstitial O2 molecules in Suprasil W1 synthetic fused silica is estimated as (8±3.5)×1017 (molec…
Plasma polymer coatings were deposited from perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane (PFDMCH) and their composition and surface properties studied by XPS, grazing-angle Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle measurements as a function of time after fabrication as they were stored under ambient conditions f…
Dimethyl sulfoxide acts as a mild room-temperature oxidant of luminescent porous silicon. The oxidation reaction is accompanied by a loss in photoluminescence intensity from the silicon nanocrystallites, indicating that the oxide formed under these conditions is electronically defective. The rate of oxidation is reduc…
Kinetics of nonisothermal crystallization of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) from melt and glassy states were performed by differential scanning calorimetry under various heating and cooling rates. Several different analysis methods were used to describe the process of nonisothermal crystallization. The results showed that bo…
Peroxide-initiated cross-linking of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was studied using an on-line electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. Peroxides were used to provide primary radicals upon thermal decomposition at elevated temperatures for the generation of polymer backbone radicals. Recording of the ESR spectra du…
This report describes surface-enhanced Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering of molecules in aqueous colloidal silver solution using non-resonant near-infrared excitation. We demonstrate that extremely large surface-enhanced Raman cross sections of the order of 10−16 cm2 per molecule can be combined with favorable c…
In this paper, we report direct evidence of a structural transition in the organic superconductor $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}{(\mathrm{B}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{T}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{F})}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}[\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{CN})}_{2}]\mathrm{Br}$ near 80 K and the effect of disorder on…
A mathematical model for the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of a metal‐hydride electrode was developed. The model was used to study the effect of various parameters on predicted kinetic behavior. The simulations obtained using the model show that the first arc appearing in the higher frequency range is due to…
Current wave forms of initial stages of breakdown and corona formation in a short negative point-to-plane gap have been measured with a nanosecond time resolution in air, O2, and N2 at pressures 13.33–100 kPa, and at various overvoltages. The experiments revealed the existence of a stepped form of negative corona Tric…
A study of textural changes is presented concerning the nematic phase of 4- n-alkyloxybenzoic acids (in particular, 4-n-heptyl- and 4-n-octyl-oxybenzoic acids), by means of a statistical approach to the image data observed by polarized light microscopy (orthoscopic mode). A new image processing method is developed in…
Within the framework of the Adam-Gibbs (configurational entropy) theory of viscosity, it is shown that for a given composition, the ratio of parameters B e (a temperature independent constant) to S c (T g ) (the configurational entropy at the glass transition) is proportional to the height of the average potential e…