Materials Literature
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A set of substituted (sulfonate, amino) nickel porphyrin derivatives such as phthalocyanine and phenylporphyrin was studied by spectroscopic (UV-vis, FTIR, XPS) and quantum-chemical methods. The Q and Soret bands were identified in the UV-vis spectra of aquo solutions of the tetrasulfo-substituted complexes and in DMF…
Nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane with phenethyl substituents (PhenethylPOSS) into poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PBAC). The nanocomposites were investigated by dielectric spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and density measurements. PhenethylPOSS…
A systematic study of the optical effects derived from plasmon coupling in mono- and multilayers of gold nanorods is presented. The monolayers were prepared using the standard polyelectrolyte-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) method and gold nanorods coated with either poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) or homogeneous silica shell…
Monodispersed, uniform, gold encapsulated−mesoporous silica nanocomposites of 100−350 nm diameter with a centered metal core at about 15 or 30 nm and high gold occupancy are prepared by pseudomorphic transformation of preformed gold−silica nanospheres. The characterization by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission ele…
Four perovskite catalysts LaBO 3 (where B = Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) were prepared via a highly exothermic and self-sustaining reaction, the so-called “solution combustion synthesis (SCS)”, and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, BET, field-emission scanning electron microscopy−energy-dispersive spectrometry, and…
A method to measure thermophysical characteristics (TPC) of conductive materials is described. The method is based upon controlled bulk (e.g., Ohmic) heating and measurement of the averaged over the volume of a sample temperature and the temperature of the surface of a sample. To measure averaged over a sample volume…
Nanocrystalline powders of Y2SiO5 doped with Eu3+ ions were obtained by a sol-gel technique. The morphologic changes produced by thermal treatments were monitored using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier- Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and luminescence spectroscopy.
In the general framework of non-linear elasticity, a subtle effect of plasticity recently observed in alloys at room temperature, i.e. the gliding instability of dislocations near axi-symmetrical precipitates, has been explained by means of static atomistic simulations. It is demonstrated that the interaction usually…
Neodymium-Iron-Boron (NdFeB) is a material with important magnetic properties, mostly used in permanent magnet fabrication. Thin layers of NdFeB are needed for miniaturization in electrical engineering, electronics, and for high-tech devices. We applied pulsed lased deposition (PLD) and radio frequency plasma assisted…
The effect of substituting Sr for Ba on the magneto-transport and magnetic properties of the (La 2/3 Sm 1/3 ) 0.67 Ba 0.33 MnO 3 system has been investigated. The samples of (La 2/3 Sm 1/3 ) 0.67 Ba 0.33− x Sr x MnO 3 ( x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.33) are synthesized by the citrate gel route and crystallize in an orthorho…
We fabricated a grating reference with EB cell projection lithography and silicon dry etching, instead of conventional 240-nm pitch grating references fabricated with laser-interferometer lithography and anisotropic chemical wet etching. We developed a novel 100-nm pitch grating reference based on our grating referenc…
Patterns of lines and trenches with nominal linewidths of 50 nm have been proposed for use as an overlay target appropriate for placement inside the patterned wafer die. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Scatterfield Targets feature groupings of eight lines and/or trenches which are not resolva…
The paper presented the effectiveness of a shape memory alloy hybrid composite. It was designed to actively suppress stress intensity in the vicinity of a crack-tip. A shape memory alloy (SMA) TiNi fiber reinforced epoxy composite was fabricated based on the proposed design concept and its material and mechanical prop…
The need to characterize line edge and line width roughness in patterns with sub-50 nm critical dimension challenges existing platforms based on electron microscopy and optical scatterometry. The development of x-ray based metrology platforms provides a potential route to characterize a variety of parameters related t…
Polyurethane cardiovascular implants are subject to oxidation initiated surface degradation, which is mediated by monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM); this often leads to surface cracking and device failure. The present studies examined the hypothesis that covalently attaching antioxidant, di-tert-butylphenol (DBP), to…
The need for 3D metrology is becoming more urgent to address critical gaps in metrology for both lithographic and etch processes. Current generation lithographic processing (ArF source, where λ=193 nm) sometimes results in photoresist lines with re-entrant profiles or T-topping, as do many etch processes. A re-en…
In this paper, results and analysis are presented from Advanced Micro Devices' (AMD) efforts at calculating lithography dose and focus parameters using scatterometry metrology and semi-physical CD models. The system takes advantage of the accurate and precise top and bottom CD data produced by scatterometry to differe…
We investigate the effects that variations in profile have on specular and diffuse reflectance from a grating consisting of parallel lines. We investigate, as an example, a nominal grating consisting of photoresist or silicon lines on a silicon substrate, having a vertical sidewall angle, a width of 100 nm, a pitch of…
One of the key challenges in critical dimension (CD) metrology is finding suitable calibration standards. Over the last few years there has been some interest in using features measured with the transmission electron microscope (TEM) as primary standards for linewidth measurements. This is because some modes of TEM ca…
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering under near-IR excitation is investigated for p-aminothiophenol (PATP) molecules that are either adsorbed on an electrochemically roughened silver electrode or embedded in an Au/PATP/Ag molecular junction assembled on an indium-doped tin oxide electrode. The contribution from chemical…