Materials Literature
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Fully epitaxial magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) were fabricated using a Co-based full-Heusler alloy Co 2 Cr 0.6 Fe 0.4 Al (CCFA) thin film and a MgO tunnel barrier. The fabricated MTJs had the following layer structure: MgO buffer layer/CCFA lower electrode/MgO tunnel barrier/CoFe upper electrode, grown on a MgO sing…
Manganese serves an important function in Lactobacillus plantarum in protection against oxidative stress and this bacterium can accumulate Mn(2+) up to millimolar levels intracellularly. Although the physiological role of Mn(2+) and the uptake of this metal ion have been well documented, the only uptake system describ…
This paper presents a theory to explain the characteristics of a sequential phase energization based inrush current reduction scheme. The scheme connects a resistor at the transformer neutral point and energizes each phase of the transformer in sequence. It was found that the voltage across the breaker to be closed ha…
We observe more than a 200-fold increase in the photoexcited phosphorescent emission of PtOEP (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-21H,23H-porphyrin platinum II) in a polystyrene film on nanotextured silver surfaces, coincident with a reduction in the triplet state lifetime by a factor of 5. The large enhancement results in…
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of porphyrin aggregates formed on silica from acidic aqueous solution is used to investigate the basis for the previously reported counterion dependence of the optical spectra of aggregates of H(2)TCPP(2+), the diacid form of tetra(p-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP). Resonance light scatter…
Abstract Pyrophyllite is the precursor to other smectite-group minerals which exhibit swelling. The mineral structure of pyrophyllite can lead to other minerals in the smectite group, including montmorillonite, through appropriate isomorphous substitutions. In this work, an atomic model of the pyrophyllite interlayer…
Abstract Recent experiments have brought new insights into the mechanisms which govern the plasticity of nanocrystalline metals. In particular, new opportunities have arisen from the finding that bulk nanocrystalline samples with extremely small grain size, prepared by the inert gas condensation technique, can be defo…
The finite-difference time-domain simulations in the frequency domain are used to study resonance phenomena in left-handed metamaterials consisting of the arrays of split-ring resonators (SRRs) and metal rods. It is demonstrated that, at frequencies corresponding to the band of enhanced transmission of the metamateria…
Nanotechnology, as a new enabling technology, has the potential to revolutionise agriculture and food systems in the United States of America and throughout the world. Examples of potential applications of nanotechnology in the science and engineering of agriculture and food systems include disease treatment delivery…
A test method that measures microclimate drying time is used to compare the ability of different knit materials to dissipate moisture vapor from a saturated clothing environment to the ambient atmosphere. The performance assessment provided by this novel method is compared with those from common test methods. The latt…
A continuous production of carbon black and hydrogen has been investigated by thermal decomposition of methane using a prototype processing system of direct current (dc)-radio frequency (RF) hybrid thermal plasma, which has great advantage over other thermal sources like combustion or dc plasma torches in synthesizing…
Ion modification techniques for improving the insulating and ferroelectric properties of BiFeO 3 (BFO) thin films are reported. Rare-earth-substituted BFO films with chemical compositions of Bi 1.00- x RE x Fe 1.00 O 3 [RE = La and Nd] were fabricated on (111)Pt/TiO 2 /SiO 2 /(100)Si substrates using a chemical soluti…
Suspension plasma spraying was used to achieve a dense and thin (/spl sim/30 /spl mu/m) yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coating for the electrolyte of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). A suspension of YSZ powder (d/sub 50//spl sim/1 /spl mu/m) was mechanically injected in direct current (dc) plasma jets. The plasma jet…
Diamonds previously subjected to radiation damage have been annealed at temperatures up to 1750°C at ambient pressure, and at 2300°C using a stabilizing pressure of 5GPa. The results have been compared with those from similar measurements using natural brown diamonds. The investigation has led to an improved understan…
The layered martensitic structures formed in Ni-Mn-Ga alloys have been investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (including image simulations) in order to discern from two structural models reported in the literature. For the seven-layer martensite, the observations discard the model based on sh…
A metallic behavior characterizes a first complete series of 2:1 AsF6- mixed-valence chiral salts of (R)-, (S)-, and racemic (+/-)-tetrathiafulvalene methyl-oxazoline derivatives. The enhanced conductivity of the pure enantiomeric salts, when compared with that of the racemic one, is the likely consequence of the stru…
Testing blanket concepts in the integrated fusion environment is one of the principal objectives of ITER. Blanket test modules will be inserted in ITER from Day 1 of its operation and will provide the first experimental data on the feasibility of the D-T cycle for fusion. With the US rejoining ITER, the US community h…
Abstract Two Schiff base compartmental ligands, H 2 L 1 and H 2 L 2 , derived from the condensation of 3‐ethoxysalicylaldehyde with 1,2‐diaminocyclohexane and orthophenylenediamine, respectively, have been utilized to isolate two diphenoxo‐bridged discrete dinuclear Cu II Gd III complexes, [Cu II (H 2 O)L 1 Gd III (NO…
We study light absorption mechanisms in semiconducting carbon nanotubes using low-temperature, single-nanotube photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. In addition to purely electronic transitions, we observe several strong phonon-assisted bands due to excitation of one or more phonon modes together with the first e…
We studied a fluoroimmunoassay using metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) detection on silver film generated by vapor deposition method. The morphology of the silver film was controlled through the thickness of the film. A silica layer was coated on the silver film to protect the film and separate the fluorophore from th…