Materials Literature
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Resistivity, Hall-effect, and space-charge---limited---current (SCLC) measurements were performed on InSe single crystals grown by the Bridgman-Stockbarger method. The electrical properties of the investigated samples are dominated by two donor centers at 0.10 and 0.34 eV. The latter donor influences the SCLC at room…
For glassy materials relaxation as a function of time is generally well fitted with the Williams–Watts function exp[−(t/τ0)β] with β≊1/3. One frequently interprets such nonexponential behavior in terms of a superposition of exponential relaxation processes with density ρβ(τ). We have determined ρβ(τ), corresponding to…
A range of high purity type III synthetic silicas (Suprasil 1, Spectrosil, Dynasil 1000) has been subjected to 100 keV X irradiation at 77 K and the induced ESR spectra have been recorded at 100 K before and after successive pulse anneals to higher temperatures. Absolute spin concentrations are determined as functions…
We report photoemission spectra and intensity profiles of the $3d$ emission and the resonant valence-band satellites in NiO and Ni. Ni in Ni metal is in a $3{d}^{9}$ configuration, but Ni in NiO is in a $3{d}^{8}$ configuration. NiO gives an opportunity to study the effect of a larger number of holes in the $d$ config…
$k$-resolved inverse photoemission spectra taken on Ni(001) and Cu(001) show a weak peak at an apparent energy within a bulk band gap and close to the vacuum level. Comparisons with the energy-loss function $|\mathrm{Im}(\frac{1}{\ensuremath{\epsilon}})|$ show that it may be due to an energy-loss satellite. Surface st…
Complete dielectric isolation of silicon regions 45 μm wide for microcircuits on silicon substrates is demonstrated by selective formation of oxidized porous silicon in heavily doped n-type regions. Anodic etching of n-type silicon in a hydrofluoric acid electrolyte exhibits a concentration-dependent voltage threshold…
A three-step design procedure is developed for dielectric stacks which are required to be nonpolarizing for a given wavelength lambdar and angle of incidence theta 0,r, at which the reflectance Rr is prescribed. The method leads to solutions in which only three layer materials occur and can be applied for a wide range…
We present a general thermodynamic model of the bound magnetic polaron which takes into account the f$\stackrel{\mathrm{\ifmmode \dot{}\else \.{}\fi{}}}{\mathrm{r}}$ee energies of the localized spins, of the free carriers, of the electrons localized in the bound magnetic polarons, and of the electrons trapped on impur…
The molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulation technique was used to simulate the vitreous silica (v-SiO2) surface. A modified Born–Mayer–Huggins potential function was used in the simulation; periodic boundary conditions in two dimensions (x and y) only were used to create a thin slab with free surfaces in the z dir…
Measured valence-band photoelectron spectra for the transition-metal glasses ${A}_{x}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{100\ensuremath{-}x}$ ($A=\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{o},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{i},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{u},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{R}…
Electron-spin resonance (ESR) is used to investigate the formation and thermal anneal characteristics of ${E}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ centers in high-quality synthetic quartz. These centers are produced by ionizing radiation near room temperature followed by annealing to 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The resu…
Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Toshiaki Kita, Tatsuo Harada, N. Nakano, and H. Kuroda, "Mechanically ruled aberration-corrected concave gratings for a flat-field grazing-incidence sp…
X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectra of the valence bands of approximately 60 Ni and Pd alloys and intermetallic compounds with 20 different elements are presented. In alloys with electropositive elements the Ni and Pd $d$-band centroids move to larger binding energies and the density of $d$ states at the Fermi level (${…
Computer-model calculations have been carried out for vacancies, divacancies, and interstitials in tungsten using an interatomic potential developed by Johnson and White. Full relaxation of the 531 atoms closest to the defect is carried out by the model, and surrounding atoms are constrained to displace elastically. W…
The thermal diffuse background between diffracted electron beams has been analyzed with high-energy resolution. The main contribution arises from a surface phonon single-scattering event. The surface phonon dispersion is measured along the $\overline{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}\ensuremath{-}\overline{X}$ direction, and compa…
The prospects for protein engineering, including the roles of x-ray crystallography, chemical synthesis of DNA, and computer modelling of protein structure and folding, are discussed. It is now possible to attempt to modify many different properties of proteins by combining information on crystal structure and protein…
The viscosity of four iron‐containing silicates with alumina has been measured under oxidizing and reducing conditions over the temperature range 450° to 700°C. Initially, the compositions contain approximately 2, 5, 10, and 20 mol.% of trivalent metal oxide. The viscosities of compositions with approximately equimola…
We report results of vertical impacts of aluminum projectiles into quartz sand. The impacts were performed at velocities of 35 to 830 m/sec with a single stage powder gun. Morphology of craters formed in loose sands is generally conical, whereas morphology of craters formed in self‐compacted sands varies from a flat‐f…
The recently proposed model Hamiltonian for a linearly conjugated diatomic polymer is studied in the continuum limit in which there emerges a field-theoretic Dirac Hamiltonian, exhibiting charge fractionization into irrational numbers, just as in the discrete model.
Abstract A Geometrical model is presented which rationalizes the viscosity and self-diffusion coefficients and their anisotrcpies in nematic liquid crystals. The model is an extension of Eyring’s theory of the liquid state to the anisotropic fluid, based on the geometry of the constituent molecule. A novel concept, ef…