Materials Literature
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Abstract A comprehensive model has been developed for simulating the rates of general corrosion of selected metals in aqueous solutions. The model consists of a thermophysical and an electrochemical module. The thermophysical module is used to calculate the speciation of aqueous solutions and to obtain concentrations,…
Abstract This paper deals with the practical perspectives of corrosion inhibition in production operations. To this end examples of inhibition of sweet gas wells, wet gas pipelines and flowlines, and oil pipelines are discussed and challenges are identified. It is shown that a number of common problems can be avoided…
Abstract The effective use of both oxidizing and non-oxidizing biocides for control of MIC in cooling water systems was evaluated. A patented localized corrosion monitor was used to monitor changes in localized corrosion rates within laboratory scale and pilot cooling tower systems under various biocide treatment regi…
Abstract The partitioning of a corrosion inhibitor between the oil and water phases has a significant impact on inhibitor selection, treatment philosophy, and inhibitor transport. This work was undertaken to develop information on how inhibitor concentration varies with treatment rate and operational conditions. It wa…
Abstract Alkanolamine solutions removing acid gases such as CO2 and H2S from natural gas, synthetic gas or light hydrocarbons are often plagued not only by corrosion problems but also by fouling of heat exchange surface area and contact equipment. Corrosion due to amine heat stable salts and CO2 are of particular conc…
Abstract One of the challenges in the operation of gas wells with co-produced water is downhole and surface facility scale deposition. Scale deposition problems such as reduced tubing size are more likely when the produced water is very saline, and the pressure/temperatures changes are large. In addition to the common…
Abstract The key to a successful pipeline anti-corrosion program is an effective protective coating system comprised of proven, high-quality coating materials, consistently applied to exacting specifications. Mill applied fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) has been, and continues to be, the coating of choice for many pipeline…
Abstract The effect of temperature, chloride concentration, nature of anions and cations as well as corrosion inhibitors (quats) on the pit initiation during the first 2 h of CO2 corrosion of pure iron and low alloy steel was studied at 5 bar CO2 in a window autoclave with video microscopic control. Above 45 °C pit in…
Abstract Evidence from laboratory experiments and field observations on near-neutral pH SCC of pipeline steel is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the effects of environmental parameters, such as potential, pH and HCO3−/CO32− concentration, on the SCC mechanism. The results are interpreted in terms of either a dissoluti…
Abstract CO2 corrosion rates are strongly influenced by many mechanical and environmental factors, like: flow velocity, temperature, gas-liquid ratio, oil-water ratio, CO2 partial pressure, and the chemical composition of the producing water. Under specific conditions, a corrosion product, iron carbonate (FeCO3), can…
Abstract Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in CO2 environments by sulfur-containing compounds was studied using various laboratory performance test methods, inhibitor residual analysis techniques and a surface imaging technique. Corrosion rate-time/concentration profiles were obtained for several commercially availab…
Abstract Initiation of transgranular stress corrosion cracking in linepipe steels was studied in near-neutral pH environment. The effects of surface condition, composition, inclusions, pre-existing defects, mechanical factors, and hydrogen production at the surface were studied. In addition, the effects of spacing bet…
Abstract This review describes the behaviour of the 90-10 and 70-30 copper-nickel alloys, which were developed for and have been used extensively in seawater applications for over half a century. It provides an assessment of the corrosion resisting characteristics and also the inherent biofouling resistance of the all…
Abstract The traditional Corrosion Inhibitor Efficiency Model has been reviewed and shown to have some failings particularly with respect to the design of new facilities. The problem of considering a single, deterministic corrosion rate has been discussed and the distribution of corrosion rates about a mean (or modal)…
Abstract The effects of steel microstructure and composition on the inhibition of CO2 corrosion were studied at 25 °C, pH 5, 1 bar CO2 in 3 % NaCl solutions. Generic inhibitor compounds cocoalkyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium chloride (QUAT) and sodium thiosulfate (THIO) were used. Sixteen different carbon steels were test…
Several recombinant Escherichia coli strains, including XL1-Blue, JM109, HB101, and DH5alpha harboring a stable high-copynumber plasmid pSYL105 containing the Alcaligenes eutrophus polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes were constructed. These recombinant strains were examined for their ability to synthesize an…
Porcine intestinal collagen (ICL), derived from processed small intestine, is used as a part of a remodelable bilaminate biosynthetic vascular prosthesis. The process for the production of ICL involves mechanical cleaning of non-crosslinked porcine intestine (NC-ICL), disinfection with peracetic acid (PA-ICL), and cro…
Abstract Imidazoline and its precursor, amide, are very effective inhibitor intermediates and are widely used in formulating the corrosion products for application in the oil and gas industries. Their high temperature corrosion inhibition performance was evaluated and compared. Our results show that imidazoline and am…
Regulatory roles of nicotinamide nucleotides and three key enzymes, beta-ketothiolase (KT), NADPH-dependent acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (AAR), and citrate synthase (CS), on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) synthesis in recombinant Escherichia coli harboring a plasmid containing the Alcaligenes eutrophus polyhydroxyalkanoat…
Abstract This paper addresses pipeline conditions leading to a protective corrosion product scale. The special case of Top-Of-Line (TOL) corrosion will be considered in detail. Methods for TOL corrosion rate prediction are discussed and compared with new and old experimental data. Data best agree with the so-called ir…