Materials Literature
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In Part 1 of this paper, it was shown that statistical models using pooled data are of poor quality with very wide variability. The present paper considers probabilistic corrosion modelling based on corrosion mechanics principles and notes the effect of environmental and other factors that should be included in model…
Abstract Layered metal hydroxides exhibit non-uniform broadening of lines in their X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) patterns, which cannot always be explained on the basis of crystallite size effects. In the case of hexagonal solids such as nickel hydroxide, DIFFaX simulations of the XRPD patterns show that: (1) stacki…
Magnetic properties and magnetic shape memory effect of three Ni-Mn-Ga alloys representing three different martensitic phases; five-layered tetragonal (5M), seven-layered orthorhombic (7M), and non-modulated tetragonal (NM) martensite were studied at room temperature. Magnetization process occurs mostly by magnetizati…
It has been discovered that laminate composites of longitudinally magnetized magnetostrictive and transversely poled piezoelectric layers (a L-T laminate composite) have a giant magneto-electric (ME) effect under a low magnetic bias. The ME voltage coefficient is over 110 mV/Oe at a magnetic bias H=500 Oe. This value…
Direct writing with gold by electron beam deposition is a method for rapid fabrication of electrically conducting nanostructures. An environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) equipped with a source of the precursor gas dimethylacetylacetonate gold(III) was used to fabricate nanoscale tips and bridges. Transmis…
The first commercial demonstration of six-phase transmission, the Goudey-Oakdale three-phase/six-phase project, used two delta wye-grounded three-phase transformers to realize the required phase/voltage conversion. This paper proposes the usage of autotransformers for phase/voltage conversion for the actual three-phas…
Abstract Microanalysis using an EDS on an SEM are sometimes asked whether two samples are of different composition, or if different regions in the same sample vary in composition, A best educated guess may be that differences of a few percent can be distinguished under optimized conditions that include favorable data…
Abstract An investigation of the burning behaviour of a series of unsaturated polyester resin formulations has been carried out using the Cone calorimeter technique. A complex analysis of the pyrolysis of selected glass‐reinforced polyester (GRP) laminates was made based on fire‐nonretarded, fire‐retarded and smoke su…
Abstract Isotactic (i) and syndiotactic (s) PMMA polymers differ markedly in the physical properties. The fact that these physically unlike macromolecules strongly attract each other with the resultant formation of stereocomplexes is indeed remarkable. Although stereoregular PMMAs and the stereocomplex have been studi…
Abstract It is widely accepted that for the very smallest grain sizes (typically below 20 – 30 nm), dislocations play no significant role in the deformation of nanocrystalline materials. However, the grain-boundary mechanisms responsible for the reported decrease in strength with decreasing grain size in this regime (…
Abstract The current research on grain boundary dynamics in metals is reviewed. The boundary dynamics, i. e., the boundary reaction to applied forces, is strongly dependent on the grain boundary character, which is commonly reduced to the orientation relationship between adjacent grains and impurity segregation at the…
The use of shape memory alloys in spacecraft and devices was suggested practically as soon as the first materials of this type had been discovered and investigations of their unique functional and mechanical properties had begun. However, various reasons led to a more than 30-years delay in realization of ideas in dev…
Martensitic transformations in commercial near equiatomic Ni49.5Ti (at. %) polycrystalline thick wires induced by thermal and/or mechanical loading were investigated by in-situ high-resolution neutron powder diffraction techniques with the aim to develop neutron diffraction methods of stress and phases fraction evalua…
Abstract The crystal structure of biotite-1 M from Bancroft, Ontario, with the formula: <mml:math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mnf="http://cambridge.org/core/manifest" xmlns:cup="http://contentservices.cambridge.org" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://cambridge.org/core/…
Abstract. The usual process to produce NiTi shape memory alloy is by vacuum induction melting (VIM) using a graphite crucible, which causes contamination of the melt with carbon. Contamination with oxygen originates from the residual oxygen inside the melting chamber. An alternative process to produce NiTi alloys is b…
Amorphous ribbons of the ternary shape memory alloy Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 crystallize polymorphously upon heating. The subsequent growth proceeds isotropic resulting in the formation of perfectly spherical grains in an amorphous matrix at intermediate stages of the transformation. These experimental results match exactly…
A new type of 110-kV and 220-kV whole-solid-insulation polymeric ZnO surge arresters is developed. The power loss characteristics of ZnO varistors are discussed, which are simulated by an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The thermal performances of the new developed polymeric arresters are analyzed by the finite…
The crystal structure of orthorhombic martensite in ternary TiNi-based compounds has been several times examined, although, in all cases, the structure was not completely solved as the positions of atoms in the unit cell remained unknown. In the present work, the X-ray patterns of TiNi-Cu and TiNi-Pd films were refine…
The objective of this study is determining the kinetic parameters of thermal degradation of polyurethane elastomers before and after UV irradiation. To determine the kinetic parameters of elastomeric polyurethane (PUR) decomposition the Freeman-Carroll method of calculation is applied. The effect of soft segment and h…
This work combines classical continuum mechanics, the continuously dislocated continuum theory as developed by Kröner and Bilby with discrete dislocation theory to develop quantities that permit models involving interactions between individual dislocations to be incorporated into a description of multiaxial yielding o…