Materials Literature
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A theoretical mixed classical/quantal model for describing the optical properties of free and matrix-embedded metal clusters, based on the time-dependent local-density approximation, is presented. As compared to the previous models involving an inner or/and an outer dielectric medium, all the dielectric effects---scre…
De Haas--van Alphen and Shubnikov--de Haas oscillations in the organic superconductor $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}(\mathrm{B}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{T}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{F}{)}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}[\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{CN}{)}_{2}]\mathrm{Br}$ have been studied at different orientations of the m…
The piezoelectric constant e31 measurement procedure is presented for sputtered lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films deposited on silicon substrates. With a simple cantilever used in the direct piezoelectric effect, it is possible to measure piezoelectric coefficients of unpoled and poled films. We discuss the pol…
We report on the optical properties of the hole-doped manganites ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.7}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.3}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}.$ Transmission and reflection of thin films are measured in the infrared at temperatures from 10 to 150 K using Fourier-transform spe…
X-ray scattering experiments have been performed on a quasi-one dimensional system, Ni 1- x Pd x (chxn) 2 Br 3 . Strong diffuse scattering was observed for x > 0.7, and it was interpreted as due to spatial inhomogeneity in the valence of metal ions. This inhomogeneity takes the form of CDW in which the metal ions with…
The surface stabilizing properties of different species X $(X=\mathrm{H},\mathrm{}\mathrm{F},\mathrm{}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l},\mathrm{}\mathrm{Br})$ on B(111) and N(111) c-BN cluster surfaces, have been investigated theoretically within the density-functional theory method. Calculated adsorption energies indicated that a…
The purpose of this study was to develop a novel synthetic stabilizer of enzyme-linked antibody in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The water-soluble amphiphilic phospholipid polymer, poly[2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-co-styrene (St)] was synthesized, and its stabilizing functions for t…
A new two-dimensional antimony sulfide has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of N, N ‘-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethylenediamine and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and elemental analysis. The product [C 8 N 4 H 26 ] 0.5 [Sb 7 S 11 ] ( M r = 1294.07) crystallize…
Phase transformations and magnetic properties of overquenched Pr7Fe88B5 ribbons during annealing have been investigated. X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer measurement indicate that melt spinning at different wheel velocities caused the as-quenched ribbons to have distinctive structures. Depending on their as-quenched st…
Effects of impurities with a strong and short-range potential are studied in carbon nanotubes within a k · p scheme. The calculated conductance approaches those obtained for nanotubes with a lattice vacancy when the strength of the potential is sufficiently large. The conductance at ε=0 is analytically shown to be qua…
In this article, we describe nanometer scale characterization of piezoelectric thin films of lead-zirconate-titanate. Using the electric field from a biased conducting atomic-force microscope tip, we show that it is possible to form and subsequently image ferroelectric domains. Using the cantilever in resonant mode, w…
Optically active 2,2′-bis(2-trifluoro-4-aminophenoxy)-1,1′-binaphthyl and its corresponding racemate were prepared by a nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol with 2-chloro-5-nitrotrifluorotoluene and subsequently by the reduction of the resulting dinitro compounds. A series of optically active and o…
We have calculated the dielectric matrix for ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ perovskites and for Nb metal by the extended linear augmented plane wave--$\mathbf{kp}$ method. Dipole-allowed transitions from localized semicore states generate strong local fields, which shift the optical absorption band…
We present a detailed electron yield spectroscopy study of the pre-$K$-edge features of single-crystal diamond (100) and (111) surfaces which are induced by optical transitions from the C $1s$ core level into excited states. Both hydrogen-terminated and hydrogen-free surfaces were investigated. A sharp maximum at $\en…
Electrical contacts to porous silicon were formed by depositing various metals such as aluminum, gold, and titanium onto its surface. Low temperature current–voltage measurements were performed, which allowed us to identify the contact as a metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structure. The parameters which characteri…
The dielectric secondary β relaxation process of poly(ethylene terephthalate) has been investigated by dielectric spectroscopy (DS) and thermally stimulated currents (TSC). To analyze the broad and asymmetric DS spectra, without previous assumptions on the shape and the number of overlapped loss components constitutin…
Microtubules of polyaniline (PANI) doped with HCl, HBF4, and β-naphthalene sulfonic acid (NSA) were synthesized by an improved in situ doping polymerization method. Ultraviolet-visible spectra, scanning electron microscopy, ESR, and X-ray diffraction characterized the molecular structure of the resulting PANI microtub…
Determination of the classical ground-state arrangement of N charges on the surface of a sphere (Thomson's problem) is a challenging numerical task. For special values of N we have obtained, using the ring-removal method of Toomre, low-energy states in Thomson's problem that have icosahedral symmetry. Lines of disloca…
Atomic and electronic structures of ${\mathrm{TaB}}_{2}(0001)$ and ${\mathrm{HfB}}_{2}(0001)$ surfaces are investigated with use of the first-principles pseudopotential calculations. Our calculated surface formation energies indicate that the graphitic-boron-terminated ${\mathrm{TaB}}_{2}(0001)$ surface is energetical…
A theory of linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilites of disordered composites consisting of nanospheres in a dielectric host (Maxwell Garnett composites) is developed. The theory is based on a spectral representation in the dipole approximation. Numerical computations are performed in the framework of the dipolar…