Materials Literature
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A combination of postsynthesis grafting and hydrothermal treatment offers an excellent route for the synthesis of ultrastable mesoporous aluminosilicates with enhanced acidity and catalytic activity. The stability observed (>150 h in boiling water; 4 h at 1000 degrees C) is, for mesoporous silicates, remarkable. Unusu…
Highly ordered multiwalled carbon nanotube arrays have been fabricated by using porous anodic alumina templates prepared by a two-step anodization process. Nanotubes were very uniform in diameter. Two-dimensional tube arrays were highly ordered within domain boundaries, and their vertical alignment was nearly perfect.…
Exact planarity at the central carbon atom is achieved, according to molecular orbital calculations, in the strained polycyclic cage hydrocarbon dimethanospiro[2.2]octaplane (see structure). There are no glaringly long C-C bonds, which might have reflected inherent instability in this molecule that is yet to be synthe…
Many properties of alloyed chalcogenide glasses can be closely correlated with the average coordination of these compounds. This is the case, for example, of the ultrasonic constants, dilatometric softening temperature and the vibrational densities of states. What is striking, however, is that these properties are nev…
It has been recently shown that precipitation bands characteristic of Liesegang patterns emerge from spinodal decomposition of reaction products in the wake of moving reaction fronts. This mechanism explains the geometric sequence of band positions x_n ~ Q(1+p)^n and, furthermore, it yields a spacing coefficient, p, t…
Structure optimizations were performed for 1 and 2 monolayers (ML) of Fe on a 5 ML W(110) substrate employing the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FP-LAPW) method. The magnetic moments were also obtained for the converged and optimized structures. We find significant contractions ($\sim$ 10…
Using spin dynamics simulations we predict the splitting of the longitudinal spin wave peak in all antiferromagnets with single site anisotropy into two peaks separated by twice the energy gap at the Brillouin zone center. This phenomenon has yet to be observed experimentally but can be easily investigated through neu…
A luminescence pulse has been observed from a laser-created bubble in liquid nitrogen and liquid argon at the first collapse point of the bubble. An unusual feature is that the width of the pulse is of order 100-1000 ns, much longer than the 2-8 ns pulses observed when the same experiment is carried out with a water s…
Barium strontium titanate thin films are being developed as capacitors in dynamic random access memories. These films, grown on silicon substrates, are under tensile residual stress. By a converse electrostrictive effect, the in-plane tensile stress reduces the capacitance in the thickness direction of the film. We me…
We investigate the thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulated thermal conductivities of nanowires with square cross sections are found to be about two orders of magnitude smaller than those of bulk Si crystals in a wide range of temperatures (200–500 K) for bo…
Surface tension of the polyacrylamide solution was measured as a function of the polyacrylamide concentration (0–1000 gm/m3) and temperature (10–60°C). The static contact angles of the polyacrylamide solutions in the range of 0–1000 gm/m3 were reported on the polyvinyl chloride and Teflon substrates. Surface tension,…
Under special crystallization conditions from the melt, both α- and β-forms of isotactic polypropylene were produced simultaneously. The α- and β-spherulites of polypropylene were differentiated under optical microscope, allowing the nanoindentation of individual spherulites of each crystallographic form. Elastic modu…
High water-absorbent polyacrylates could be prepared by concentrated aqueous solution polymerization within a short time period, heating the monomer mixture by water bath. The influences of initiator content, bath temperature, crosslinker content (Cc), and degree of neutralization on water absorbency (Q) were investig…
In the elastomer-modified (polyamide-6/poly(phenylene ether) (PA6/PPE) = 50/50 blends, poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) was demonstrated to be an efficient reactive compatibilizer. The G1651 elastomer was shown to be an effective impact modifier to result in superior toughness and heat-deflection temperature (H…
The characteristics of electrochemically prepared polycarbazole (PCARB) as the cathode active material for secondary batteries are studied in aqueous electrolytes. The cell of the type Zn/Zn(ClO4)2/PCARB has a specific capacity of 30 Ah/kg and an energy density of 46 Wh/kg. The coulombic efficiency is about 80–90% and…
A well-defined styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer/montmorillonite (SAN-MMT) nanocomposite has been prepared by emulsion copolymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of sodium ion exchanged montmorillonite (Na+-MMT). This direct and one-step polymerization technique yielded nanocomposites intercalated wit…
Assessments of dew-, water-, and enzyme-retted fibers for differences in fineness, strength, caustic weight loss, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, lipid, ash, and nine minerals were compared in this study. Distinct differences in retted-fiber s…
The isothermal phase diagram for poly(vinylidene fluoride)/dimethyl formamide/water system was derived. The binodal and spinodal were calculated based on the Flory–Huggins theory and the calculated binodal was approximately in agreement with the experimental data of the cloud points. The isothermal crystallization lin…
The relationships between the properties and structure are discussed for poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/silica composites prepared through the sol-gel process. The composites became stiff and brittle with increasing the silica content. The properties of the composites were changed drastically at around the composition of PV…
Dilute solutions of glycogen from mussels (shellfish) and of different degradation steps were investigated by static and dynamic light scattering, viscometry, and end group analysis of the reducing end. The data were analyzed in comparison with theory for hyperbranched polymers. In the monomer of the A type, the funct…