Materials Literature
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Problems associated with manufacturing Si 3 N 4 /SiC‐whisker composites have been overcome by developing selfreinforced Si 3 N 4 with elongated β‐Si 3 N 4 grains formed in situ from oxynitride glass. This Si 3 N 4 –Y 2 O 3 –MgO–SiO 2 –CaO‐based material has a flexure strength >1000 MPa and fracture toughness >8…
An open question in the study of water concerns the shape of the liquid spinodal line in the phase diagram of water, a boundary which represents the limit of mechanical stability of the liquid state. It has been conjectured that the pressure of the liquid spinodal ${\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{s}}$(T) does not decrease monot…
Molecular engineering has allowed the control of the HOMO-LUMO gap energy in a family of conjugated polymers based on poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV). Random copolymerization of 1 and 6 afforded precursor polymers 10 with two different leaving groups. Treatment under thermal conditions led to a partially conjugated po…
For small Mach numbers the Rayleigh–Plesset equations (modified to include acoustic radiation damping) provide the hydrodynamic description of a bubble’s breathing motion. Measurements are presented for the bubble radius as a function of time. They indicate that in the presence of sonoluminescence the ratio of maximum…
This paper deals with the results of critical power experiments performed simulating commercial BWR conditions at Hitachi Core and Fuel Test Loop with seven fuel-rod heater bundles in a tight triangular lattice array, which is assumed to be used in high conversion BWRs. The main conclusions of experiments are; (1) The…
The structural transitions of CaCl2 and CaBr2 at 491 K and 778 K, respectively, represent clear examples of proper ferroelastic transformations of the optical type. In both cases, the instability of the hightemperature rutile-type structure is caused by the softening of an optical phonon at the center of the Brillouin…
We present an analytical treatment of (i) the incorporation of thermal noise in the basic continuum models of solidification, (ii) fluctuations about nonequilibrium steady states, and (iii) the amplification of noise near the onset of morphological instability. In (i), we find that the proper Langevin formalism, consi…
Repassivation potential (Erp) was investigated for use as a parameter in the long-term prediction of pitting resistance of two Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo alloys that are candidate materials for high-level nuclear waste containers. This potential was found to be independent of the extent of prior pit growth for alloy 825 (UNS N08825)…
Films composed of ceramic particles were observed during drying. The films were prepared from 20 vol% aqueous dispersions of α‐alumina and α‐quartz and were free of any organic binder. Conditions for uniform film saturation during drying were established by consideration of a liquid transport model and by direct obser…
The infrared-reflectance spectra of silica glasses were measured and analyzed with a Kramers-Kronig transformation for a better understanding of the response of silica, especially in the high-frequency region (1000--1300 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$). The silica samples were prepared by the sol-gel techn…
A novel scheme is presented for the preparation of cross-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) specimens, with a focused ion beam (FIB). This scheme is particularly suitable for highly structured substrates, such as integrated circuits. The specimen is made by cutting a thin slice of material from the substra…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheory of block copolymer interfaces in the strong segregation limitA. N. SemenovCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 24, 6617–6621Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/…
Abstract Crystalline silicon particles of cubic structure are formed in the plasma which is initiated in an argon‐silane mixture by a focussed 694 nm Ruby laser flash. Part of the particles can be dissolved as colloid in organic solvents. The solubilization is increased by small amounts of 1,3‐propane‐dithiol. The raw…
Cu-Co has been chosen as a model system to study phase formation during mechanical alloying in systems with components exhibiting a positive heat of mixing. Phase formation is monitored by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and calorimetric measurements. Although the occurrence of a single fcc Bragg patt…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSingle-crystal-to-single-crystal photodimerization of cinnamic acidVolker Enkelmann, Gerhard Wegner, Kathleen Novak, and Kenneth B. WagenerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 22, 10390–10391Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 Ma…
Numerical calculations of thermal conductivity \ensuremath{\kappa}(T) are reported for realistic atomic structure models of amorphous silicon with 1000 atoms and periodic boundary conditions. Using Stillinger-Weber forces, the vibrational eigenstates are computed by exact diagonalization in harmonic approximation. Onl…
Calculations of mass energy-transfer and mass energy-absorption coefficients for photon energies from 1 keV to 100 MeV have been developed, based on a re-examination of the processes involved after the initial photon interaction. The probabilities for the initial interaction are from the current photon interaction cro…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of pH on properties of wheat gluten and soy protein isolate filmsAristippos. Gennadios, Alice H. Brandenburg, Curtis L. Weller, and Robert F. TestinCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1993, 41, 11, 1835–1839Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Publ…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and characterization of surface-modified colloidal cadmium telluride quantum dotsTijana Rajh, Olga I. Micic, and Arthur J. NozikCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 46, 11999–12003Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 200…
Epitaxial ferroelectric SrRuO3/Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3/SrRuO3 heterostructures have been fabricated employing isotropic metallic oxide electrodes on (100) SrTiO3 and (100) Si with an yttria stabilized zirconia buffer layer. The structures have been grown in situ by 90° off-axis sputtering, which allows the growth of unifor…