Materials Literature
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Well-defined X-ray fiber patterns of l - and d -ascorbates of chitosan were obtained by immersing a tendon chitosan, prepared from a crab tendon chitin by a solid-state N -deacetylation, in respective ascorbic acid water−isopropyl alcohol solutions, and heating them at 70 °C. The crystalline unit cell of the l -ascorb…
The structural properties of the layered oxides Ba2SnO4 and Sr2SnO4 have been studied as a function of temperature by high resolution powder neutron diffraction. As a result of excellent size matching between the SnO2 and Ba2O2 layers, Ba2SnO4 adopts the tetragonal K2NiF4 structure (space group I4/mmm) and undergoes n…
It is a common practice to serve combination three-phase and single-phase loads from an unsymmetrical three-phase transformer bank and a four-wire secondary. Depending upon the loads and company standards, nine different transformer connections can be considered along with either an open four wire or a quadraplex seco…
The morphology of the oxidized form of electrodeposited polyaniline films (PANI) grown on platinum under potentiodynamic cycling has been studied by scanning force microscopy (SFM). For average film height 〈h〉 < 100 nm, the nucleation and growth of PANI without a change in the surface roughness was observed. For the r…
The present paper deals with the fouling process of calcium sulfate dihydrate on heat transfer surfaces. The crystallization of calcium sulfate showed typical asymptotic fouling curves, the asymptotic value of which was greatly influenced by the surface temperature and fluid velocity. The fouling mechanism was discuss…
Single crystals of the compounds Ba 2 MCl 7 (M = Gd−Yb, Y) can be grown from stoichiometric melts of the binary chlorides using the Bridgman technique. The crystal structure of Ba 2 ErCl 7 and Ba 2 GdCl 7 was determined by direct and Fourier methods using single crystal X-ray diffraction data [Ba 2 ErCl 7: monoclinic,…
Hot steam corrosion tests were performed on heat-treated Al coated NdFeB magnets. The results suggest that the corrosion process can be divided into different stages. Initially, Nd which diffuses across the Al coating from the Nd-rich grain boundaries of the magnet during annealing, reacts with the moisture forming ei…
Specimen preparation for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of twins in B19′ martensite in the edge-on state of polycrystalline Ti–Ni shape memory alloys was proposed utilizing the recrystallization texture of cold-drawn rod and the parent-martensite lattice correspondences. The five twinning modes, i.e. 〈011〉 Typ…
The interfacial tension and molecular alignment were studied for the interface between coexisting isotropic and nematic phases of a toluene solution of poly( n -hexyl isocyanate). A polarizing microscopic observation revealed that the nematic phase in the vicinity of the interface is aligned homogeneously, i.e., the d…
We investigated magnetic properties of Sendust flakes at high frequencies. The flakes were produced by mechanically smashing water-atomized Sendust powders in an attriter. The flakes are typically thinner than one micron and have a very high aspect ratio. A composite ferromagnetic sheet was fabricated by dispersing th…
Kinetic parameters were measured during cellulase treatment of cotton. A recent approach was used instead of the classical Michaelis–Menten equation to calculate kinetic constants relating the initial reaction rate with the enzyme concentration. The calculated parameters are discussed for two commercial cellulases wit…
The rubber industry has been using curemeters for 30 years; however, the maximum cure rate (CRMAX) at the inflection point on the cure curve was not easily measured to a high level of precision. Now a digitized cure curve can be analyzed with computer software programs to produce a maximum cure rate determination to a…
Atomistic lattice simulations are used to study SnO2 and the series of stannates ASnO3(A = Ca, Sr, Ba). Among the properties considered are crystal structure, defect chemistry and oxidative non-stoichiometry, surface structure and morphology. On the basis of our calculated defect model, we suggest a possible interpret…
The compositional ranges of Bi4V2O11 solid solutions containing trivalent cations: B, Al, Cr, Y and La have been determined by means of a phase diagram study at solidus temperatures, ca. 850 °C. At least three mechanisms for accommodating variable cation contents are required. These are nominally V → Bi, V → M, Bi → M…
An ESR study of interactions between the nonmesomorphic nitroxide spin probe solutes PD−tempone (PDT) and tempo−palmitate (TP) and homologues of the p - n -alkyl- p ‘-cyanobiphenyl series of liquid-crystals has been carried out. The characteristics of the ESR spectra obtained show that the constraint for rotation abou…
The diffuse reflectance UV spectra of dehydrated titanium silicalites of MFI structure are consistent with the presence of both open [Ti(OH)(OSi)3] and closed [Ti(OSi)4] tetrahedral titanium sites, the closed sites seem to be the only ones occurring in TiO2–SiO2 silica gel.
Abstract For use as electrical and electronics parts, or automobile and mechanical parts, toughened poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) is desired. For these applications, our investigation centered on improving the toughness of PPS and developing elastomer‐toughened PPS and elastomer‐toughened compounds of PPS. Using chemi…
Photochromes, bound to polysulfone via carboxyamide bonds and physically blended in a polymeric matrix, were prepared and their physical and photochromic properties investigated. In order to express the photochromic activity, plasticization is required; this is readily achieved by using the swelling solvent, N -methyl…
Three new polynuclear copper(II) complexes with aminoalcoholate and acetate as ligands, [Cu2(O2CMe)2(OCH2CH2NMe2)2]1, [Cu2(O2CMe)2(OCH2CH2NMe2)2(H2O)2]2 and [Cu4(µ4-O)-(bdmmp)2Br4]3[Hbdmmp = 2,6-bis(dimethylaminomethyl)-4-methylphenol], have been synthesised and their structures were determined by X-ray diffraction an…
Background/aims: Duplex stainless steels constitute a high strength stainless steel family with high corrosion resistance properties. The use of them has dramatically grown in the last 10 years, particularly in the fields of off-shore, chemical tankers and chemical industries; however, the high strength also makes the…