Materials Literature
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The formalism for, and the values of, aspherical electron scattering factors using relativistic wavefunctions are presented. The parameterizations of electron form factors valid for a full range of scattering vectors from 0.0 to 6.0 Å −1 were obtained for atoms with atomic number 1 (H) to 54 (Xe) by fitting a linear c…
We use magnetic Barkhausen noise to assess the microstructure, hardness, and residual stresses in hardened surface layers. We performed measurements on induction surface-hardened specimens, the thickness of hardened layers being different in each case. A change in the microstructure of the hardened surface layer produ…
Abstract The conformational characteristics of polyelectrolytes end‐grafted on two apposing walls are studied. The monovalent and multivalent counterions are explicitly treated. It is found that the polyelectrolyte brushes undergo a collapse transition in the presence of multivalent counterions at large wall separatio…
Die spontane Bildung selbstorganisierter hochgeordneter zwei- und dreidimensionaler Anordnungen aufrechter Nanostäbe auf großen Übergitterdomänen (siehe Bild) wird beschrieben. Die hexagonal dichte Packung der Nanostäbe senkrecht zum Substrat erinnert an flüssigkristalline Smektisch-B-Phasen. Optische Untersuchungen b…
Abstract This experimental work clarifies the mechanism for the ultra-photostability of indigo carmine by direct observation of a transition state using a sub 5-fs laser pulse. The molecular structural changes during the photoexcited proton-transfer process were traced as the time-dependent instantaneous frequency of…
Macromolecular X-ray crystallography is an important and powerful technique in drug discovery, used by pharmaceutical companies in the discovery process of new medicines. The detailed analysis of crystal structures of protein-ligand complexes allows the study of the specific interactions of a particular drug with its…
Kern aus Gold: Säurebehandelte Au-Pd-Katalysatoren auf einem TiO2-Substrat haben einen definierten goldreichen Kern (blau im Bild) und eine palladiumreiche Schale (grün). Dieser Kern-Schale-Aufbau verbessert die Aktivität des Katalysators für die direkte Synthese von H2O2 aus H2 und O2.
Aufgelockerte Überstruktur: Ein durch Hocherhitzen einer Lösung synthetisierter Pd/CeO2-Katalysator ist drei- bis fünfmal aktiver bei der CH4-Verbrennung als die besten herkömmlichen Palladiumsysteme. Der Katalysator trägt eine geordnete Pd-O-Ce-Überstruktur auf seiner Oberfläche (siehe Bild; der türkise Pfeil verweis…
The camber of asymmetric laminates has been experimentally measured and predicted. Two cases are distinguished: (i) sintering of a viscous layer on a viscous substrate and (ii) sintering of a viscous layer on an elastic substrate. In the first case, particular attention is paid to the microstructure of the shrinking l…
The crystal structures of six new partially fluorinated aryl 1,2,3,5-dithiadiazolyls [ArCNSSN]˙ are reported [Ar = 2,6-F2C6H3 (4); Ar = 3,4-F2C6H3 (5); Ar = 3,5-F2C6H3 (6); Ar = 2,3,6-F3C6H2 (9); Ar = 2,4,6-F3C6H2 (11); and Ar = 3,4,5-F3C6H2 (12)] and compared with three previously reported structures in this series (…
A nanocrystalline (NC) NiFe alloy is presented, in which both highly improved plasticity and strength are achieved by the dynamic-loading-induced deformation mechanisms of de-twinning (that is, reduction of twin density) and significant grain coarsening. This work highlights potential ingenious avenues to exploit the…
The limiting factor for charge-density studies is crystal quality. Although area detection and low temperatures enable redundant data collection, only compounds that form well diffracting single crystals without disorder are amenable to these studies. If thermal motion and electron density ρ( r ) were de-convoluted, m…
Within the archaea, the thermoacidophilic crenarchaeote Sulfolobus solfataricus has become an important model organism for physiology and biochemistry, comparative and functional genomics, as well as, more recently also for systems biology approaches. Within the Sulfolobus Systems Biology ("SulfoSYS")-project the effe…
A new hydrogen storage system of poly(methyl acrylate)-confined ammonia borane, which has been prepared by a solution-blending method, has shown the characteristics of controllable dehydrogenation performance and water resistance.
We apply the fermion commutation technique for composite bosons to polariton-polariton scattering in semiconductor planar microcavities. Derivations are presented in a simple and physically transparent fashion. A procedure of orthogonolization of the initial and final two-exciton state wavefunctions is used to calcula…
A study of the crystallization from the melt and of the polymorphic behavior of isotactic poly(1-butene) (iPB) prepared with metallocene catalysts is presented. Samples of isotactic polybutene of different stereoregularity, containing different concentrations of stereodefects ( rr triads defects) and regiodefects (4,1…
The non-collinear spin-spiral density wave of the uniform electron gas is studied in the framework of Reduced-Density-Matrix-Functional Theory. For the Hartree-Fock approximation, which can be obtained as a limiting case of Reduced-Density-Matrix-Functional Theory, Overhauser showed a long time ago that the paramagnet…
We report on studies of the structure and dynamics of the (001)surface of single crystal LiCu2O2, investigated by He beam scattering at room temperature, and with lattice dynamical models. The best fit surface corrugation to measured diffraction patterns shows that the surface termination is exclusively a Li+1Cu+2O-2…
A chiral nematic liquid crystal/chiral ionic liquid composite with unique electro-optical characteristics is reported. The composite can be switched electrically between three different light states: transparent, scattering, and mirror reflecting (see images). Moreover, the reflection bandwidth can be controlled accur…
Many therapeutic advantages such as prolonged circulation in the blood, increased tumor drug uptake, enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and markedly reduced toxic side effects are provided by a carbon nanotube based chemotherapeutic formulation. In this system, doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded onto the sidewalls of functionali…