Materials Literature
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The torsional responses of hollow and filled carbon nanotubes under a combination of tension and torsion are examined using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The critical torsional moment and shear modulus are predicted to significantly increase as a result of coupling between tension and torsion. In particula…
Abstract In this paper, boundary methods for solving Maxwell equations are outlined with a focus on the Multiple Multipole Program (MMP) that is very advanced and well suited when high reliability and accuracy of the results is required. After the presentation of the Generalized Point Matching (GPM) technique, that is…
Abstract One of the most important problems that can arise in the development of a pharmaceutical crystallization process is the control of polymorphism, in which there exist different crystal forms for the same chemical compound. Different polymorphs can have very different properties, such as bioavailability, which…
The authors report on the 394nm UV light emission from low-temperature sputtered n-ZnO∕SiO2 thin films on top of the p-GaN heterostructure. They compare samples with and without a SiO2 current blocking layer. With a SiO2 layer, electroluminescence spectrum shows a sharp emission peak at 394nm, which is attributed to t…
The stability of photovoltage in WO3-doped (Pb0.97La0.03)(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PLWZT) ferroelectric thin films was investigated. For in-plane polarized configuration, with a greatly enhanced electrode gap, the reduction ratio of photovoltage during multicycle UV illumination was significantly smaller and stability of phot…
The wettability of hydrophobic surfaces is generally improved by surfactant solutions. The wetting behavior of superhydrophobic surfaces can be classified into two types, in terms of the variation of contact angle with surfactant concentration cs. Contact angle is controlled by surface tension for common linear surfac…
The photoluminescence spectra of WO3−x nanowire networks, WO3 nanowires networks, and the bulk phase WO3 powder have been investigated under the continuous wave excitation light at 320nm. Two broad band emissions in spectrum of WO3−x nanowire networks are observed including the ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) emission ce…
Changes in the chemical environment can trigger large motions in chemomechanical polymers. The unique feature of such intelligent materials, mostly in the form of hydrogels, is therefore, that they serve as sensors and actuators at the same time, and do not require any measuring devices, transducers or power supplies.…
The nonlinear current-voltage relationship and the subsequent threshold voltage in polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 are found to be easily controlled by simply doping a small amount of supervalent cations, Nb5+ and Ta5+. The authors show that the dopants have a significant effect on the reduction of the electrostatic poten…
Dielectric response of Y3Fe5O12 ceramics was investigated over broad temperature and frequency ranges. Three dielectric relaxations were identified in the temperature range from 125to620K. A Debye-type dielectric relaxation at low temperatures (125–320K) with an activation energy of 0.29eV is shown to originate from t…
The BiFeO3 ceramics were prepared by sol-gel method (BFO-1) and high-pressure synthesis (BFO-2). X-ray diffraction showed that these ceramics are almost of single phase. It is difficult to observe a ferroelectric loop of BFO-1 even at an electric field of 6kV∕cm. Compared to BFO-1, the high-pressure synthesized one ha…
In this work, the authors study the stability and electronic properties of CuxTe as a function of the Cu∕Te ratio using first-principles calculations. They find that CuxTe shows bistability with energy minimum at x≈1.25 and x≈1.75. At low x, CuxTe is more stable in the tetragonal-based structures, whereas for x&gt…
Zinc dicyanide, $\mathrm{Zn}{(\mathrm{C}\mathrm{N})}_{2}$, and the isostructural cadmium dicyanide show negative thermal expansion over a broad range of temperatures. By the use of density functional theory calculations, we determine the phonon dispersion curves of these materials and show that the transverse acoustic…
The effects of Sr substitution for Ba on photocatalytic water splitting activity of BaSnO3 were investigated experimentally and theoretically. The chemical incorporation of Sr into BaSnO3 induced a great enhancement for H2 production. Density function theory calculations of Ba1−xSrxSnO3 (x=0, 0.5, and 1.0) reveal that…
Mn-doped ZnO films with preferred c-axis growth orientation were prepared by pulsed laser deposition under N2 atmosphere on a-plane sapphire substrates. Large positive magnetoresistance amounting to 60% was observed at 5K. Clear anomalous Hall effect was observed at 20K. Ferromagnetism with Curie temperature higher th…
Carbon nanotube transistor (CNT) is promising to be the technology of choice for nanoscale integration. In this work, we develop the first compact model of CNT, with the objective to explore the optimal process and design space for robust low-power applications. Based on the concept of the surface potential, the new m…
According to the numerical calculation, the relative phase of emitting light scattered by surface plasmon in a single subwavelength metallic groove can be modulated by the groove depth. The focal length of the slit-groove-based focusing structures can be adjusted in certain value if the groove depths are arranged in t…
The effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the work function of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) have been investigated in this study. Spectroscopic methods [x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy (532nm excitation)] and electrical conductivity measu…
A silicon-nanocrystal (nc-Si) based metal-oxide-semiconductor light-emitting diode (MOSLED) on Si nanopillar array with size, height, and density of 30nm, 350nm, and 2.8×1010cm−2, respectively, is characterized. The nanopillar roughened Si surface contributes to the improved turn-on characteristics by enhancing Fowler…
This letter reports blue oxynitride phosphors of La1−xCexAl(Si6−zAlz)(N10−zOz) (z∼1) (termed JEM crystal phase) and their application for the white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The JEM phosphor can be excited by 405nm light efficiently, and its spectrum can be tuned widely by changing the Ce concentration. The emissi…