Materials Literature
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The crystallization of Ba-ferrite/sapphire(001) films of various thicknesses has been studied using synchrotron x-ray scattering, field emission scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope. In films thinner than 1000 Å, Ba-ferrite amorphous precursor was crystallized into perpendicular grains keeping the…
Binding energies of the N 1s level in hard and elastic CNx films are investigated by means of theoretical studies of model molecules. Results for the model systems are obtained from ab initio Hartree–Fock calculations, where the core electron binding energies are determined using the delta self-consistent-field method…
We report calculations, using electron uncorrelated and correlated wave functions, of the electronic and vibrational properties which pertain to certain nonlinear optical properties for HF, HCl, and HBr. Our main focus is on vibrational effects (zero-point-vibrational averaging and pure vibration). Analysis of the res…
Visible electroluminescence (EL) has been observed from Ag (film or paste)/native SiO2/n-type Si structures. The diodes show good rectification behavior and the EL occurs only under reverse bias conditions when the top Ag electrode is negative. For p-type samples, a forward bias is required. The intensity of the EL is…
The structure of two metal phthalocyanines, MPc where M=Sn and Mg, have been determined by gas-phase electron diffraction for the first time; furthermore, the structure of ZnPc established earlier by the same technique has been reanalyzed. The focus of these studies is the position of the metal ion relative to the 16-…
In this study the instrumented tensile (ITI) and falling weight impact (IFWI) behavior of injection-molded α- and β-phase polypropylene (PP) homopolymers were compared at ambient temperature in a broad melt flow index (MFI = 0.7–13 dg/min) range. It was found that the toughness of β-PP is superior to the α-PP: the dif…
The water sorption characteristics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) amorphous samples of 250 μm thickness have been studied at various temperatures in a saturated atmosphere. Concerning diffusivity, one can distinguish the following two domains characterized by distinct values of the activation energy: ED ≈ 36 kJ…
We perform ab initio pseudopotential calculations for a nanocontact between a metallic carbon nanotube and a copper chain. We find that the on-top position is the most stable geometry of the copper chain on the nanotube and a local energy gap of $\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.1 \mathrm{eV}$ opens as the mirror symmetry of th…
We have studied the ``charge disproportionation'' phenomenon in ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{FeO}}_{3}$ by photoemission spectroscopy and unrestricted Hartree-Fock band-structure calculations. We find a systematic decrease of the spectral intensity near Fermi level ${(E}_{F})$ toward $x=0…
In this article, a model of electromigration and stress-induced void formation in microelectronic interconnects is presented. This model solves the equations governing atomic diffusion and stress evolution in two dimensions, and can therefore account for the complex grain structures present in typical metal lines. A c…
Effects of a core hole in the unoccupied density of states are systematically studied using model clusters of $h\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{BN},$ $c\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{BN},$ and $w\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{BN},$ in order to reproduce and interpret experimental electron-energy-loss near-edge structure /near-edge x-ray absorpti…
Amorphous CNx thin films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) combined with a nitrogen rf radical beam source which supplies active nitrogen species to the growing film surface. The dominant active nitrogen species are excited N2 molecules and nitrogen atoms. The deposited films were characterized by scanni…
$\mathrm{Mn}{K}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}$ x-ray emission spectra provide a direct method to probe the effective spin state and charge density on the Mn atom and is used in an experimental study of a class of Mn oxides. Specifically, the $\mathrm{Mn}{K}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}$ line positions and detailed spectral shapes depe…
In our previous paper (paper I), we proposed a simple physical model that may universally describe glass-transition phenomena from the strong to fragile limit. It is based on the idea that in any liquid there always exist two competing orderings, which lead to two types of local structures frustrated with each other:…
Hydrogen-free diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been deposited with a 100 fs (FWHM) Ti:sapphire laser beam at intensities I in the 1014–1015 W/cm2 range. The films were studied with scanning probe microscopy, variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, Raman spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy. DLC f…
Here we report on the precise structural investigation of multiwalled boron nitride (BN) nanotubes by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. The nanotubes were produced from carbon nanotubes by applying a recently discovered technique: a substitution chemical r…
Polarization-dependent low-frequency off-resonant Raman scattering has been studied from various commercially available filter glass samples, which contain ${\mathrm{CdS}}_{x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ nanoparticles embedded in a glass matrix. In order to distinguish the confined acoustic phonons from the glass…
The reaction of ZnO and tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) was reinvestigated in detail. Under conditions where evaporation of volatiles is possible, TMTD and an excess of ZnO are found to produce bis(dimethyldithiocarbamato)zinc(II) (ZDMC) in limiting amounts close to 60 mol %, irrespective of the ratio between ZnO…
The title complex, zinc mercury tetrathiocyanate, [ZnHg(SCN) 4 ] n , consists of slightly flattened ZnN 4 and HgS 4 tetrahedra linked by -S=C=N- bridges to form infinite three-dimensional -Hg-S=C=N-Zn- networks. This structural feature contributes to the physical and chemical stability and the non-linear optical prope…
Soil burial degradation behavior of miscible blend systems of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/partially deacetylated chitin (1), PVA/chitin-graft-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (2), and PVA/chitin-graft-poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (3) was investigated in comparison with the case of a pure PVA film. The degradation of the blend fi…