Materials Literature
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Antiferroelectric lead zirconate (PZ) thin films were deposited by pulsed laser ablation on platinum-coated silicon substrates. Films showed a polycrystalline pervoskite structure upon annealing at 650 °C for 5–10 min. Dielectric properties were investigated as a function of temperature and frequency. The dielectric c…
We report on room-temperature optical gain at the ground exciton transition of PbS quantum-dot-doped glasses while optical pumping into the next-higher exciton resonance. The material gain in the quantum dots is as large as 80 cm−1. The dot-size selective excitation provides tunability of the optical gain. This is dem…
La 0.7 Ce 0.3 MnO 3 is a relatively new addition to the family of colossal magnetoresistive manganites, in which the cerium ion is believed to be in the Ce4+ state. In this article, we report the magnetotransport properties of laser ablated La0.7Ce0.3MnO3 films on LaAlO3, and the effect of varying the ambient oxygen p…
The importance of the future development of materials for use in low-temperature thermoelectric refrigeration devices is discussed. Specifically, results are presented on an interesting class of materials called pentatellurides, ${\mathrm{HfTe}}_{5}$ and ${\mathrm{ZrTe}}_{5},$ which have shown promising low-temperatur…
Fluorescent color-center patterns have been written on surfaces of synthetic type-Ib diamonds with spatial resolution below 180 nm via irradiation with focused ion and electron beams and subsequent annealing. The patterns are detected and spectroscopically analyzed using confocal optical microscopy. From the spatial e…
Thin films of the transparent conducting oxide In2O3 have been prepared in ultrahigh vacuum by reactive evaporation of indium. X-ray diffraction, optical, and electrical measurements were used to characterize properties of films deposited on transparent insulating mica substrates under variation of the oxygen pressure…
Calculations of inelastic mean free paths, stopping powers, and continuous slowing down ranges for ten solid organic materials: polyethylene, guanine, poly(2-vinylpyridine), diphenyl-hexatriene, carotene, polystyrene, polymethyl(methacrylate), paraffin, polybudene sulfone, polyacetylene and water have been performed f…
Laser ablation products from fullerene materials have been studied by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Using nickel and cobalt as a catalyst, single-wall carbon nanotubes were produced at an ambient temperature of 400 °C. The results were compared with those using graphite as starting materials…
Molecular-dynamics simulations were used to model two stepped ${101\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}4}$ surfaces of the calcium carbonate polymorph calcite. The acute monatomic steps were found to be more stable than the obtuse monatomic steps. The initial stages of dissolution from the steps were considered in v…
The presence of ad-dimers on carbon nanotubes under tension leads to the formation of defects that wrap themselves around the circumference of the nanotube. These defects are actually short segments of a tube with a changed helicity, which suggests that the combination of ad-dimers plus strain can be used to form nano…
An atomic oxygen species adsorbed on Ru(0001) containing subsurface oxygen has been found and is characterized by the means of thermal description spectroscopy (TDS), ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, and reactive CO scattering. The surplus oxygen can be adsorbed on an oxygen-rich ruthenium crystal at room tempe…
We present high-precision measurements of the penetration depth of single crystals of $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}(\mathrm{ET}{)}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}[\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{CN}{)}_{2}]\mathrm{Br}$ and $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}(\mathrm{ET}{)}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{NCS}{)}_{2}$ at temperatures down to 0.4 K. We f…
We present the detailed study of ${\mathrm{Sm}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ with $0.3<~x<~1$ probed by electrical resistivity, thermoelectric power, magnetic susceptibility, and thermal conductivity measurements between 10 and 320 K. The transport and thermal data are analyzed supposin…
The mechanism of enhancement on the red emission efficiency from SrTiO3:Pr3+ (1D2→3H4 emission of Pr3+) by Al addition has been investigated. The emission intensity at room temperature for the phosphor, SrTiO3:Pr3+ synthesized with 23 mol % Al is about 200 times higher than Al-free samples. Photoluminescence (PL) spec…
Aligned nitrogen-containing carbon nanofibers consisting of polymerized “nanobells” have been grown on a large scale using microwave plasma-assisted chemical-vapor deposition with a mixture of methane and nitrogen. A greater part of the fiber surface consists of open ends of the graphitic sheets. A side-emission mecha…
The structure of phase IV of barium has been solved from single-crystal and powder diffraction x-ray data. It is composed of a tetragonal ``host,'' with ``guest'' chains in channels along the $c$ axis of the host. These chains form two different structures, one well crystallized and the other highly disordered and giv…
We study the freezing of CCl4 in microporous activated carbon fibers (ACF), using Monte Carlo simulation and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Microporous activated carbon fibers are well characterized porous materials, having slit-shaped pores due to the voids formed between graphitic basal planes. They serve…
Nanostructured graphite was prepared by mechanical milling under hydrogen atmosphere. Several samples obtained after different milling times were systematically examined to get fundamental information about the structures and hydrogen concentrations. After the expansion of the graphite interlayer, the long-range order…
The electronic structure of the half-metallic ferromagnet NiMnSb with three different types of atomic disorder is calculated using the layer Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method in conjunction with the coherent potential approximation. Results indicate the presence of minority-spin states at the Fermi energy for degrees of d…
We have separately probed the doping behavior of semiconducting (S) and metallic (M) single-wall carbon-nanotube (SWNT) films, by optical absorption and dc resistance (R) measurements. Either electron acceptors $({\mathrm{Br}}_{2},$ ${\mathrm{I}}_{2})$ or donors (K, Cs) were used as dopants with controlled stoichiomet…