Materials Literature
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Single- and few-layer graphene sheets with sizes up to 0.1 mm were fabricated by simply quenching hot graphite in an ammonium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution. The identity and thickness of graphene sheets were characterized with transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. In…
Polyaniline/Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticle composite was prepared by polymerizing aniline in the presence of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles upon the use of H(2)O(2) as oxidant. The polymerization was monitored by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. The microstructure of the resultant composite was characterized by transmiss…
We have studied the ionic screening effect on the charge transport properties of graphene field effect transistors. By increasing the ionic concentration, we found dramatic increases in the carrier mobilities and systematic changes in the position and magnitude of minimum conductivity, as well as the width of minimum…
We discovered that Sr 2 MgSi 2 O 7 : Eu phosphor emits blue light under the application of a mechanical stress, a phenomenon known as mechanoluminescence (ML). The ML showed a similar spectrum as photoluminescence (PL), which indicated that ML is emitted from the same center of Eu 2+ ions as PL. The analysis of struct…
Here we describe the electrolytic deposition of a range of metallic coatings, alloys and composites from room temperature ionic liquids that have low environmental impact/toxicity, are inexpensive and easy to handle. We show that some of these systems can be considered as "drop-in" replacement technologies for existin…
Oxygen plasma treatment was applied in order to improve the adsorption of chitosan onto viscose fabric. Modification of the surface and adsorption of chitosan was monitored by determination of XPS spectra, determination of contact angles from rates of water imbibition, and conductometric titration. The plasma treatmen…
Using low-loss energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) imaging, we map surface plasmon resonances (SPRs) at optical wavelengths on single triangular silver nanoprisms. We show that EFTEM imaging combining high spatial sampling and high energy resolution enables the detection and for the first time, t…
Amphiphilic Janus silica particles with hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) and hydrophilic poly(sodium methacrylate) (PSMA) brushes on two hemispheres were prepared at the liquid-liquid interface by surface-initiated polymerization. After introduction of free-radical initiator modified silica particles into a mixture of sty…
A new solvo-hydrothermal method has been developed for the synthesis of uniform vanadium oxide nanocrystals (NCs) with various sizes and shapes in aliphatic amine/toluene/water using V(V) diperoxo alkylammonium complexes. The vanadium complex precursors were prepared from an ion exchange reaction of V(V) diperoxo gels…
Interactions between light and conducting nanostructures can result in a variety of novel and fascinating phenomena. These properties may have wide applications, but their underlying mechanisms have not been completely understood. From calculations of surface charge density waves on conducting gratings and by comparin…
In the present work, we investigate the magnetic properties of ferrimagnetic and noninteracting maghemite gamm-Fe2O3 hollow nanoparticles obtained by the Kirkendall effect. From the experimental characterization of their magnetic behavior, we find that polycrystalline hollow maghemite nanoparticles exhibit low blocked…
The physical principles and approximations employed in Monte Carlo simulations of coupled electron–photon transport are reviewed. After a brief analysis of the assumptions underlying the trajectory picture used to generate random particle histories, we concentrate on the physics of the various interaction processes of…
In orbital-free density functional theory the kinetic potential (KP), the functional derivative of the kinetic energy density functional, appears in the Euler equation for the electron density and may be more amenable to simple approximations. We study properties of two solid-state systems, Al and Si, using two nonloc…
The synthesis and structural characterization of the neutral mixed-valence methoxo-polyoxovanadium cluster [V(6)O(8)(OCH(3))(11)] (1) and its single oxidation product in the hexachloroantimonate salt [V(6)O(8)(OCH(3))(11)][SbCl(6)] (2) are presented here. The cluster comprises a hexauclear polyoxovanadate core of the…
Graphene films on SiC exhibit coherent transport properties that suggest the potential for novel carbon-based nanoelectronics applications. Recent studies suggest that the role of the interface between single layer graphene and silicon-terminated SiC can strongly influence the electronic properties of the graphene ove…
The manipulation of geometrically constrained magnetic domain walls (DWs) in nanoscale magnetic strips has attracted much interest recently, with proposals for prospective memory and logic devices. Here we propose to use the high controllability of the motion of geometrically constrained DWs for the manipulation of in…
The manipulation of geometrically constrained magnetic domain walls (DWs) in nanoscale magnetic strips has attracted much interest recently, with proposals for prospective memory and logic devices. Here we propose to use the high controllability of the motion of geometrically constrained DWs for the manipulation of in…
Detailed spin-wave spectra of magnetoelectric ${\text{LiNiPO}}_{4}$ have been measured by neutron scattering at low temperatures in the commensurate (C) antiferromagnetic (AF) phase below ${T}_{N}=20.8\text{ }\text{K}$. An anomalous shallow minimum is observed at the modulation vector of the incommensurate (IC) AF pha…
Neutron diffraction is used to probe the $(H,T)$ phase diagram of magnetoelectric (ME) ${\text{LiNiPO}}_{4}$ for magnetic fields along the $c$ axis. At zero field the Ni spins order in two antiferromagnetic phases. One has commensurate (C) structures and general ordering vectors ${\mathbf{k}}_{\text{C}}=(0,0,0)$; the…
The activation-relaxation technique nouveau is an eigenvector following method for systematic search of saddle points and transition pathways on a given potential energy surface. We propose a variation in this method aiming at improving the efficiency of the local convergence close to the saddle point. The efficiency…