Materials Literature
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Abstract Due to the extensive use of water injection for oil displacement and pressure maintenance in oilfields, many reservoirs experience the problem of scale deposition when injection water starts to break through. In most cases the scaled-up wells are caused by the formation of sulfate and carbonate scales of calc…
Abstract This first in a series of articles characterized the different varieties of Indian silk for their macrostructural parameters, such as filament length, degumming loss, denier, cross section, moisture regain, and intrinsic viscosity, for example. The results of amino acid analysis using a reverse‐phase techniqu…
Membranes of gold nanotubes in polycarbonate films are used to study catalytic reactions at gas–liquid interfaces. The catalytic properties of gold for CO oxidation with O2 can be enhanced by liquid water and promoted by increasing the pH value of the solution. The membrane is sandwiched between other membranes that c…
We analyze transmission of electromagnetic waves through a periodic band-gap structure consisting of slabs of a left-handed metamaterial and air. Using the effective parameters of the metamaterial derived from its microscopic structure, we study, with the help of the transfer-matrix approach and by means of the finite…
In the framework of the perturbation theory an expression suitable for calculation of the effective conductivity of 3-D inhomogeneous metals is derived. Formally, the final expression is an exact result, however, a function written as a perturbation series enters the answer. More accurately, when statistical propertie…
Constitutive equations are developed for a polymer fluid, which is treated as a permanent network of strands bridged by junctions. The junctions are assumed to slide with respect to their reference positions under loading. Governing equations are derived by using the laws of thermodynamics under the assumption that th…
We present a detailed theoretical study of the ultrafast quasiparticle relaxation dynamics observed in normal metals and heavy fermion materials with femtosecond time-resolved optical pump-probe spectroscopy. For normal metals, a nonthermal electron distribution gives rise to a temperature (T) independent electron-pho…
Polymethacrylates with densely grafted poly-N-isopropylacrylamide side chains change their shape at the lower critical solution temperature from cylindrical brushes (left) to spherical structures (right). This is an interesting example of a temperature-induced cylinder-to-sphere transition observed for single macromol…
The universal features of quantized thermal conductance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are revealed through a theoretical analysis based on the Landauer theory of heat transport. The phonon-derived thermal conductance of semiconducting CNTs exhibits a universal quantization in the low-temperature limit, independent of the…
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Human bone tissue was collected following administration of a clinical dose of gadolinium chelate (0.1 mmol per kg) to patients undergoing hip joint replacement surgery to determine if measurable differences in Gd deposition occur between 2 widely available magnetic resonance contrast agents.…
This work is devoted to the study of the active species present on the TS-1-H 2 O 2 /H 2 O catalytic system and to the elucidation of the mechanisms of formation and interconversion of these species. In particular new experimental data and computational evidence are reported concerning (i) the acidic character of hydr…
Highly crystalline and monodisperse MnO and Mn3O4 nanoparticles are prepared by thermal decomposition of [Mn(acac)2] in oleylamine under an inert atmosphere in the presence and absence of a small amount of water, respectively (see picture). The particle size of both manganese oxide systems can be easily manipulated by…
Naturally occurring polymers have been utilized for a long time as materials, however, their application as plastics has been restricted because of their limited thermoplastic processability. Recently, the microbial synthesis of polyesters directly from carbohydrate sources has attracted considerable attention. The in…
Electron scattering rates in metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes are studied using an atomic force microscope as an electrical probe. From the scaling of the resistance of the same nanotube with length in the low- and high-bias regimes, the mean-free paths for both regimes are inferred. The observed scattering rat…
We report the use of chemically modified carbon nanotubes as a substrate for cultured neurons. The morphological features of neurons that directly reflect their potential capability in synaptic transmission are characterized. The chemical properties of carbon nanotubes are systematically varied by attaching different…
This review focuses on key aspects of the thermal decomposition of multinary or mixed hydride materials, with a particular emphasis on the rational control and chemical tuning of the strategically important thermal decomposition temperature of such hydrides, Tdec. An attempt is also made to predict the thermal stabili…
Pentad-level sequence analysis of a copolyester derived from two diacids and two diols, poly(ethylene/trimethylene terephthalate/2,6-naphthalate), which was prepared by transesterification between poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(trimethylene 2,6-naphthalate), was reported in a solvent system of o -chlorophenol/d…
Abstract Reliable isothermal crystallization kinetic studies can be achieved by differential scanning calorimetric techniques only under restricted conditions. In the case of isotactic polypropylene, our results indicate that those conditions are met in the range of 3°C below the isothermal crystallization temperature…
Multistability, out-of-polarization-plane reorientation, and persistent oscillations have been observed in the optical Fréedericks transition in a homeotropically aligned nematic film using a normally incident linearly polarized laser beam with elliptical rather than circular cross section. These features could be asc…
For the equilibrium immiscible Fe-Cu system, ab initio calculations using the projector augmented wave method identify the relatively stable structures of the metastable ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{25}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{75}$ and ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{50}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{50}$ alloys to be both of fcc and determine their corresponding lattice…