Materials Literature
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Spur gear endurance tests and rolling-element surface tests were conducted to investigate vacuum-induction-melted, vacuum-arc-melted (VIM-VAR) M50NiL steel for use as a gear steel in advanced aircraft applications, to determine its endurance characteristics, and to compare the results with those for standard VAR and V…
The corrosion of steel in HCl, with and without inhibitors, shows relatively straightforward impedance spectroscopy (IS) phenomenology and can be represented by simple equivalent circuits of primarily passive electrical elements. Inductive effects are, apparently, a consequence of the measurement altering the surface…
We characterize the behavior of electroluminescence from a sulfur-related impurity complex in a p-n junction formed in epitaxial silicon. The spectrum of the electroluminescence matches that of previously reported photoluminescence from sulfur impurities and persists to ∼150 K. In our structure, we find that the elect…
Flow of trains of surfactant-laden gas bubbles through capillaries is an important ingredient of foam transport in porous media. To understand the role of surfactants in bubble flow, we present a regular perturbation expansion in large adsorption rates within the low capillary-number, singular perturbation hydrodynami…
Based on a collective switching model coupled to a simplified continuity equation for impurity ions, the internal electric field and light transmission of a surface-stabilized (SS), layer-tilted ferroelectric liquid-crystal (FLC) cell with insulating alignment layers have been calculated as a function of time, under b…
The stability threshold or critical capillary pressure of foam flowing in porous media depends on the flow rate, with higher velocities breaking the foam. We present a hydrodynamic theory, based on a single lamella flowing through a periodically constricted cylindrical pore, to predict how the critical capillary press…
Quasi-crystalline Al65Cu20Mn15 powder has been produced by mechanical alloying from crystalline elemental powders. The alloying process has been monitored by x-ray diffraction, and the resulting product has been characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The quasi-crystalline phase forms after about 90 h of mi…
The development of holographic gratings has been significantly enhanced with the evolution of Ion-etching techniques to "sculpt" groove shapes in an effort to improve efficiency. In this paper it is shown that it is possible to create both plane and concave gratings with efficiency profiles consistent with c…
Abstract A chemical method and an improved absorbance ratio method are presented to determine the degree of neutralization of poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylic acid). Compared to the chemical method, the absorbance ratio method is simple and fast. It can be used also to determine the degree of neutralization when the chemi…
Abstract This article discusses the phenomenon of inverse relaxation in some textile fibers, namely cotton, ramie, wool, polyester, and viscose. If anextended viscoelastic specimen is allowed to recover a part of the deformation given to it, such that its tension has not become zero, the stress in it tends to increase…
The chemical reduction of metal oxides by mechanical alloying with a strong reducing element has been investigated. Using x-ray diffraction to follow the reaction it was found that the mechanical alloying of CuO and Ca using toluene as a processing lubricant resulted in the formation of Cu. The mechanical alloying of…
The frequency dependences of both proton NMR ${T}_{1}$ and ESR linewidth in polyaniline give evidence for quasi-1D spin diffusion. The on-chain diffusion rate, ${\mathit{D}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\parallel}}}$, is independent on the protonation level, while the transverse diffusion, ${D}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$, exhibits…
Thin films of VOxFy were made by rf magnetron sputtering of V in Ar+O2+CF4. They were analyzed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. Optical and electrical properties changed within narrow temperature ranges. These results resemble those of thermochromic VO2, although VOxFy ha…
Abstract Reductions in tin coatings and thickness of tinplate affect the properties of the tinplate surfaces. Computer‐aided electrochemical test methods, impedance spectroscopy and X‐ray microanalytical studies show that corrosion behaviour is influenced by the base material properties. This paper will give some info…
This paper describes some of the results of a two and a half year, Congressionally-mandated effort to identify cigarettes with properties that would reduce their propensity to ignite soft furnishings (upholstered furniture and mattresses). For this purpose, the ignition propensities of 41 specially designed and 5 pate…
Abstract Tetrakis(1H,1H-perfluoroethyl) titanate, Ti(OCH2CF3)4, tetrakis(1H,1H-perfluoropropyl) titanate, Ti(OCH2CF2CF3)4, tetrakis(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl) titanate, Ti[OCH(CH3)CF3]4, tetrakis(2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethylethyl) titanate, Ti[OC(CH3)2CF3]4, tetrakis((1H,1H,3H-perfluoropropyl) titanate, Ti(OCH2CF2…
Abstract The crystal structures of glycyl-l-alanine hydrobromide monohydrate, 1, and glycyl-l-alanine hydroiodide monohydrate, 2, were determined and the temperature dependence of the 127 I NQR frequencies was investigated in the temperature range 77 <̳T/K <̳ 370. The 127 I NQR frequencies are strongly influence…
Abstract The Pace–Datyner theory for diffusion of penetrant molecules in polymers has been analyzed. It has been found that the correct solution of the problem they pose is possible only at 0 K, since then the separation of two chains at x = ∞ is equal to the minimum of the DiBenedetto potential for their interaction.…
Abstract In alkaline electroless copper solutions with formaldehyde as reducing agent, side reactions between formaldehyde and hydroxide occur. In solutions of formaldehyde and sodium hydroxide below 70°C the only reaction found is the Cannizzaro reaction. The rate constant of this reaction was determined at different…
The two-dimensional Coulomb gas is studied in a particular case where the positive charges (or ``ions'') are smeared over disks of radius \ensuremath{\sigma}, and held fixed on the sites of a triangular lattice, while the opposite point charges (the ``electrons'') move freely in the periodic field of the ions. At low…