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Vapour transmission elements across porous materials
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Considerations on nominal and real content of active hydraulic materials in cements
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Use of "Aerofall" for grinding at cement plants
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Note on Fouilloux blast furnace puzzolanic cements
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Modification of test method to determine CO2 by means of gravimetric calcimeter
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Magnetization reversal in films with biaxial anisotropy
Two models of magnetization reversal for the case of films with biaxial anisotropy are considered: 1 ) the coherent rotation model of Stoner and Wohlfarth (S-W) and 2) the noncoherent or wall-motion model of Kondorsky (K). The former has been considered by several authors previously while the latter is developed in th…
Inequalities in Liquid Crystal Theory
Hydrostatic theories of liquid crystals involve a stored energy function, in simpler theories formally similar to that used in linear elasticity theory. In the latter case, the generally accepted condition that the energy function be positive definitely plays a key role in much theoretical work. Analogous conditions a…
Carbonate identification and genesis as revealed by staining
Abstract A staining procedure consisting of preliminary etching with dilute hydrochloric acid, treatment with a mixed solution of alizarin red-S and potassium ferricyanide, and a final treatment with alizarin red-S alone (Dickson, 1965) permits the distinction of orthorhombic carbonates and of calcite from other trigo…
Surface Debye Temperatures of the (100), (111), and (110) Faces of Platinum
The intensity of back-diffracted low-energy electrons (15–350 eV) from the clean (100), (111), and (110) surfaces of platinum single crystals was measured. From the temperature dependence of the (00) reflection in the range of 25°—700°C, the Debye—Waller factor and the root-mean-square displacements of surface atoms p…
Ground State of Divalent Co Ions in Cs3CoCl5 and Cs3CoBr5
The 4A2 ground state of tetrahedrally coordinated divalent cobalt ions in Cs3CoCl5 and Cs3CoBr5 is investigated with magnetic-susceptibility measurements and paramagnetic resonance in pulsed magnetic fields up to 90 kOe at frequencies in the 70- and 120-Gc/sec bands. The first excited state (4T2) which lies ∼3000 cm−1…
Gross- and Partial-Ionization Cross Sections for Electrons on Water Vapor in the Energy Range 0.1–20 keV
Measurements have been made on the gross-ionization cross sections for 0.1–20-keV electrons on water vapor at pressures of about 3×10−4 torr. The results are compared with the cross sections of H2 and O2. Within the experimental error of 15% we found no deviations from the additivity rule. The energy dependence of the…
Theory for the Plasticity of Glassy Polymers
We present a theory for how a shear stress alone can induce structural changes in a glassy polymer to break up the rigidity of the glass and allow flow. We consider a molecular model in which the shear-stress field is introduced as a bias on the rotational conformation of backbone bonds. It is argued that the fraction…
Energy and Atomic Configuration of Complete and Dissociated Dislocations. I. Edge Dislocation in an fcc Metal
The arrangement of atoms around an edge dislocation in copper has been calculated by a variational method using a central-force approximation. The pairwise interaction between discrete atoms was represented by a Morse potential function. In the calculation of the complete dislocation, the atoms were not permitted to r…
Point-Defect Calculations for an fcc Lattice
Formation and migration energies and atomic configurations have been calculated for interstitials and vacancies in an fcc lattice, and the interaction of close Frenkel pairs has been studied. A mathematical model was used in which the atoms in a spherical crystallite of about 530 atoms are treated as individual partic…
Temperature Dependence of the Transverse and Longitudinal Optic Mode Frequencies and Charges in SrTiO3and BaTiO3
Infrared reflectivity measurements have been made on SrTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ at 300 and 85\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and on BaTi${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ at 300 and 475\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Analysis of these and other data shows that the lowest frequency transverse mode shifts in a manner consistent…
Plasmon Damping in Metals
A report is given of a theoretical and experimental investigation into the degree of plasmon damping in metals as a function of momentum transfer. A previous theoretical result by DuBois is corrected and extended by taking into account polarization effects. Measurements are reported of the change in half-width $\ensur…
Inelastic Scattering Cross Sections for 20-keV Electrons in Al, Be, and Polystyrene
Measurements are reported of the inelastic scattering cross sections associated with the characteristic energy losses of 20-keV electrons transmitted through thin films of Al, Be, and polystyrene. These measurements have been made using two techniques which overcome several sources of systematic error in previous meas…
Spin-Lattice Relaxation in Some Rare-Earth Salts. II. Angular Dependence, Hyperfine Effects, and Cross Relaxation
In this second part of a study of the spin-lattice relaxation rate ${{T}_{1}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in the temperature range $1.2\ensuremath{\leqq}T\ensuremath{\leqq}5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$K of some trivalent rare-earth ions in the salts ${\mathrm{La}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Mg}}_{3}$${(\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{O}}_{3})}_…
Spin-Lattice Relaxation Due to Local Vibrations with Temperature-Independent Amplitudes
In the usual treatment of the temperature dependence of spin-lattice relaxation of impurity ions, the vibrational properties of the paramagnetic ion are assumed to be those of a normal host ion. For impurities that do not affect the vibrational properties of the lattice, this is expected to be a resonable approximatio…