Materials Literature
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We present results of absorbance measurements in the range of 300--900 nm on submicrometer-size solid silver needles with aspect ratios near 7:1. The needles have parallel major axes and are formed on a transparent substrate. The needles are modeled as prolate spheroids with shapes determined from electron micrographs…
M\"ossbauer spectroscopy (MS) in $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ and $^{129}\mathrm{I}$ was employed to investigate the evolution and properties of the high-pressure amorphous-metallic phase of ${\mathrm{SnI}}_{4}$. Measurements were carried out at pressures up to 27 GPa using diamond-anvil cells. Both MS probes detect the onset…
In optical coating calculations, a 2 x 2 matrix formalism is generally used to describe the effect of each layer on the electromagnetic field. In current applications, the layers are considered homogeneous, and, therefore, the matrix used is restricted to this particular case. In this paper, a 2 x 2 matrix describing…
A time-domain light scattering study of acoustic and Mountain modes in glycerol is reported. By using light-scattering angles between 0.89° and 88.9°, a wide range of acoustic frequencies is sampled. The data also yield information about time-dependent density responses to stress and to heat (the latter is the time-de…
We have measured the low-temperature thermal conductivity and specific heat of ${\mathrm{CdGeAs}}_{2}$ to investigate the influence of coordination number on the thermal properties of amorphous solids. ${\mathrm{CdGeAs}}_{2}$ is tetrahedrally bonded in the crystalline state and strong evidence exists that this local o…
Detailed studies have been made of the luminescence properties of ${\mathrm{Eu}}^{3+}$ ions in Ca(${\mathrm{PO}}_{3}$${)}_{2}$ glass excited into the $^{5}\mathrm{D}_{1}$ manifold by a tunable dye laser at 77 K. The observed excitation-wavelength dependence of the intensities and energies of the fluorescence lines is…
Macroscopic magnetic measurements, Mössbauer, and neutron diffraction studies have been carried out on BaCoxZn2−xFe16O27 [(Zn−Co)2-W] single-crystal hexaferrites. The extrapolated saturation magnetization values σs(0) are slightly lower than those found in the literature. Such differences have been justified as due to…
Absorption spectra measured between 0.3 and 6.7 \ensuremath{\mu}m are reported for ${\mathrm{Gd}}^{3+}$, ${\mathrm{Nd}}^{3+}$, and ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}$ in single-crystal gadolinium scandium gallium garnet, ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Sc}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{12}$, at various temperatures. Energy lev…
A light scattering study is presented on static and dynamic interactions between monodisperse, charged silica spheres suspended in an optically matching, salt free mixture of ethanol and toluene up to volume fractions of 10%. The static structure factor S(K), well described by calculations in the RMSA approximation, i…
Fracture testing of silicon cantilever beams (thicknesses 10–20 μm) was performed in situ in a scanning electron microscope by means of an equipment specially designed for this purpose. Beams of various sizes and orientations (〈011〉 and 〈001〉) were manufactured in Si (100) wafers by two different micromachining proced…
We discuss the nonlinear behavior of a random composite material in which current density and electric field are related by J=\ensuremath{\sigma}E+a\ensuremath{\Vert}E${\ensuremath{\Vert}}^{2}$E, with \ensuremath{\sigma} and a position dependent. To first order in the nonlinear coefficient a, the effective nonlinear c…
A microdosimetric track interaction model for heavy charged particles has been developed which is capable of quantitatively predicting the experimentally observed supralinearity of the alpha particle TL dose response of peak 8 in LiF:Mg, Ti (TLD-100, Harshaw/Filtrol) as well as the linear behaviour of the lower temper…
The optical energy gap of single-crystal GeS was calculated from the absorption coefficient near the fundamental absorption edge. Measurements were carried out from room temperature to near liquid-nitrogen temperature using plane-polarised light with the plane of polarisation being parallel to either the a or the b cr…
Crystal size frequency distributions, crystallization histories, and thermal histories were calculated for the liquidus phase of a two‐component melt to model the crystallization of the liquidus phase of a multicomponent magma injected in a dike or sill. The crystal sizes, the variances of the crystal size frequency d…
Quasiresonant vibration-rotation transfer in the collision of an atom with a diatomic molecule is studies with use of classical trajectories. At high molecular rotation rates and low collision velocities the atom-diatom interaction consists of a sequence of small collisions ("collisionettes"). This leads to a nearly p…
We propose a generalization of the Landau theory of phase transitions which applies to reconstructive transitions. For the first time an order parameter is defined for this category of transition. This order parameter is shown to be a transcendental function of the large atomic displacements arising at the transition.…
Raman spectra of diamondlike amorphous carbon (a-C) films prepared by the sputtering method have been measured as a function of the excitation wavelength. The Raman spectral profiles vary sensitively, reflecting the change of absorption spectra associated with π-π* electronic transitions with the hydrogen content of t…
used hydroxylamine nitrate decomposes within a few minutes in the temperature range 130-140°C. Added ammonium ion is converted to N2, while hydrazinium ion is converted to HN3. Nitrous acid is an intermediate and its formation is rate-determining. A hygride transfer process is postulated. The reaction pathways hav…
Numerical and analytical calculations of the electronic properties of a one-dimensional quasiperiodic lattice are presented. The lattice consists of two types of bonds A and B whose distribution follows the recursion formula S l+1 =S m l-1 S n l where m, n=1, 2, 3, . . . and S l is a building block sequence for l>or=2…
Factors affecting photografting (λ > 300 nm) of methacrylic acid on low-density polyethylene film were investigated in liquid-phase system with water. Benzophenone was used as a sensitizer by coating it on the film surface. Factors examined were monomer concentration (1.3 wt% to 10.0 wt%), polymerization temperature (…