Materials Literature
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La‐doped 0.3Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –0.7Pb(Zr x Ti 1− x )O 3 ( x =0.5–0.53) piezoelectric ceramics with pure perovskite phase were synthesized by a two‐step hot‐pressing route. The piezoelectric properties of various compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) were systematically investigated. Not only was t…
The role of moisture in affecting both intrinsic and extrinsic aspects of the fracture and fatigue‐crack growth resistance of a polycrystalline alumina (99.5% pure, 25 μm grain size) has been examined in both moist and dry environments at ambient temperature. The intrinsic (crack‐tip) toughness, deduced from measured…
In this work, Mudar fibers (Calotropis procera) have been characterized for their physical, chemical, and tensile properties. Mudar fibers have good length, strength, uniformity, fineness, and excellent moisture absorption. The study highlights the difficulties in spinning 100% Mudar yarn. Subsequently, a 75/25 Mudar/…
Partially wetting drops sliding down an inclined plane develop a “corner singularity” at the rear, consisting of two dynamic contact lines that intersect. We analyze the three-dimensional flow in the vicinity of this singularity by exploring similarity solutions of the lubrication equations. These predict a self-simil…
We have studied, for the first time, the effect of the content of intergranular phase and grain size on the sliding‐wear resistance of pressureless, liquid‐phase‐sintered (LPS) α‐SiC (silicon carbide) ceramics. It was found that the sliding‐wear behavior of these ceramics is similar to what is observed in other polycr…
In this paper, we present sintering and uniaxial viscosity data of three commercial low‐temperature co‐sintered ceramic systems, i.e., DuPont 951Tape (DU), Heraeus CT2000 (CT), and Ferro A6M (FE), measured by cyclic loading dilatometry. The viscosity initially decreases with temperature, changes little during the inte…
Connecting rods: Rigid rod–rod block copolymers are synthesized from peptide and polyisocyanide blocks (see picture: blue=poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate); red=poly(methylbenzyl isocyanide) or poly(L-isocyanoalanyl-L-alanine methyl ester). The polyisocyanide helix has side arms organized in a parallel β-sheet (light blue).…
Formation of titanium silicon carbide (Ti 3 SiC 2 ) by mechanical alloying (MA) of Ti, Si, and C powders at room temperature was experimentally investigated. A large amount of granules less than 5 mm in size, consisting of Ti 3 SiC 2 , smaller TiC particles, and other silicides, have been obtained after ball milling f…
The anomalous behavior of the glass transition temperature ( T g ) in low silica calcium aluminosilicate glasses has been related to the structural modifications observed by neutron and X‐ray diffraction. The diffraction data indicate that Al and Si are in tetrahedral sites and that Ca atoms are in distorted octahedra…
Two types of nonwoven composites, uniform and sandwich structures, are produced using bagasse, kenaf, ramie, and polypropylene (PP) fibers. The experimental uniform composites include kenaf/PP (70/30), bagasse/PP (50/50), and ramie/PP (70/30). The experimental sandwich composites include kenaf/bagasse/kenaf and ramie/…
High-spin molecules with easy-axis magnetic anisotropy show slow magnetic relaxation of spin-flipping along the axis of magnetic anisotropy and are called single-molecule magnets (SMMs). SMMs behave as molecular-size permanent magnets at low temperature and magnetic relaxation occurs by quantum tunneling processes; su…
One dimentional strongly nonlinear phononic crystals were assembled from chains of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and stainless steel spheres with gauges installed inside the beads. Trains of strongly nonlinear solitary waves were excited by an impact. A significant modification of the signal shape and an increase of…
We have developed a practical scheme to construct partly occupied, maximally localized Wannier functions (WFs) for a wide range of systems. We explain and demonstrate how the inclusion of selected unoccupied states in the definition of the WFs can improve both their localization and symmetry properties. A systematic s…
In this study, we use the cell dynamics method to test the validity of the Kormogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (KJMA) theory of phase transformation. This cell dynamics method is similar to the well-known phase-field model, but it is a more simple and efficient numerical method for studying various scenarios of phase trans…
A theory for kinetic arrest in isotropic systems of repulsive, radially-interacting particles is presented that predicts exponents for the scaling of various macroscopic quantities near the rigidity transition that are in agreement with simulations, including the non-trivial shear exponent. Both statics and dynamics a…
We present a systematic study of interference and k-point sampling effects in the supercell approach to phase-coherent electron transport. We use a representative tight-binding model to show that interference between the repeated images is a small effect compared to the error introduced by using only the Gamma-point f…
Magnetization reversal in exchange-spring magnet films has been investigated by a first-order reversal curve (FORC) technique and vector magnetometry. In Fe∕epitaxial-SmCo films, the reversal proceeds by a reversible rotation of the Fe soft layer, followed by an irreversible switching of the SmCo hard layer. The switc…
In the past 10 years, the molecular self-assembly and network formation of small molecule gelators has become one of the most active frontiers of the emergent area of nanochemistry. Increasingly, research efforts have begun to focus on multicomponent gelators, which rely on the initial interaction of distinct individu…
The interplay between the electron transport in metal-ferroelectric-metal junctions with ultrathin ferroelectric barriers and the polarization state of a barrier is investigated. Using a model which takes into account screening of polarization charges in metallic electrodes and direct quantum tunneling across a ferroe…
The melting transition in solid monolayers of a series of short-chained n-alkanes, n-octane (n-C8H18), n-decane (n-C10H22), and n-dodecane (n-C12H26) physisorbed onto the graphite basal plane are studied through use of molecular dynamics simulations. Utilizing previous experimental observations of the solid phase beha…