Materials Literature
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A novel technique has been developed for the direct non-contact measurement of the radial deformations of a specimen during a compression Kolsky bar (split-Hopkinson pressure bar) experiment. Application of the new technique makes possible an analysis of the compression Kolsky bar experiment in terms of finite deforma…
The transient pressure generated by the interaction of short-pulsed laser light with the liquid–solid interface is studied quantitatively. A KrF excimer laser beam of tens of nanoseconds pulse duration irradiates water on a solid surface and induces rapid thermal expansion and explosive vaporization. The pressure puls…
A molecular dynamics simulation of polymeric brushes immersed in a melt of mobile polymer chains is presented. The brush height and monomer density profiles are presented for chains of length N grafted at one end to a solid surface immersed in a melt of polymers of the same type. As the chain length P of the free chai…
Resonant grating-waveguide structures formed with InP/InGaAsP semiconductor materials were tested to show light modulation at a wavelength of 1.55 microm. Narrow, subnanometer resonant spectral bandwidths and a ratio of ref lected intensities between resonance and away from resonance of greater than 50 were measured.…
The 1.4-kb downstream region from a nitrilase gene (nitA) of an actinomycete Rhodococcus rhodochrous J1, which is industrially in use, was found to be required for the isovaleronitrile-dependent induction of nitrilase synthesis in experiments using a Rhodococcus-Escherichia coli shuttle vector pK4 in a Rhodococcus str…
1. Using a replicated survey design at the catchment scale, we compared the composition and diversity of diatom communities in three stream groups in the Middle Hills of Nepal: semi‐natural reference (Arun Valley), enriched by agricultural runoff (Likhu Khola) and grossly polluted by sewage (Kathmandu Valley). We samp…
Young’s modulus of porous silicon samples, with porosity ranging from 36% to 90%, is measured by the nanoindentation technique. The analysis of the nanoindentation data, including the specific problem linked with porous materials, is presented. The Young’s modulus values Ep thus obtained appear to be drastically depen…
The optical appearance of yttrium thin film electrodes can be electrochemically switched from mirrorlike to highly transparent by making use of the hydride‐forming properties of Y. A strong alkaline solution is a suitable electrolytic environment for obtaining stable electrochromic electrodes. The presence of a thin P…
Abstract Conservation of electric current and magnetic flux can be explicitly enforced by modeling Maxwell's equations on a staggered grid, where the different field components are sampled at points offset relative to each other. A staggered finite-difference (SFD) approximation gives divergence-free magnetic fields a…
Abstract Low-molecular weight compounds having ureylene segment was able to cause physical gelation in organic solvents. The main driving force for gelation was intermolecular hydrogen bonding between ureylene units.
The green luminescence of the terbium complex 1 is increased by a factor of 16 when the amino groups in the side chains are protonated. Because its luminescence has a lifetime of 0.62 ms, this complex can serve as an effective pH sensor in intrinsically fluorescent environments.
▪ Abstract Colloidal suspensions of uniformly sized microspheres can serve as powerful model systems for investigating many-body processes in condensed-matter physics. The ensemble of microspheres in such suspensions undergoes disorder-order transitions from fluids to crystals in direct analogy with the structural tra…
The present work deals with localized dissolution processes (pit and pore initiation and growth) of p‐ and n‐type (100) GaAs. Pit and pore growth can be electrochemically initiated on both conduction types in chloride‐containing solutions and leads after extended periods of time to the formation of a porous GaAs struc…
This paper presents a systematic survey on the formation of recrystallisation textures in cold rolled Al alloys. In particular, the nucleation of new grains in cube bands, grain boundaries, shear bands, and the deformation zones around large pProceedings of Conference 'Texture on a Mircoscale' as well as their subsequ…
Multistep template synthesis offers an easy and general route to complicated nanostructures. A two‐step replication procedure is described that can be used to prepare nanotubes of titanium dioxide (see Figure) or other semiconducting materials. The requirements placed on the starting material, the synthesis route, and…
New electrochromic materials (ECMs) must exhibit rapid response times, long‐term stability, and a large difference in percentage transmittance between the bleached and colored states. The design, fabrication, and characterization of fast, solid‐state, dual conducting polymer EC devices that utilize PEDOT (see Figure)…
Unsymmetrical zinc(II) complexes of benzonaphthoporphyrazines 5a-12a bearing between one and eight pyridyloxy substituents are synthesized by statistical tetramerization of 6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,3-naphthalenedicarbonitrile (1) with 4-(3-pyridyloxy)- or 4,5-bis-(3-pyridyloxy)-1,2-benzenedicarbonitrile (2, 3). Methyla…
The viscosity T/of dry and hydrous haplogranitic melts (anhydrous normative composition: QZ28Ab340r38)has been determined between 3 and 10 kbar and 800 and 1400 DC using the falling-sphere method. The H20 content of the melt ranged from 0.03 to 8.21 wt%. Experiments were performed in internally heated pressure vessels…
An ab initio theoretical study of the optical absorption spectrum of Ni2+-doped MgO has been conducted by means of calculations in a MgO-embedded (NiO6)10−cluster. The calculations include long- and short-range embedding effects of electrostatic and quantum nature brought about by the MgO crystalline lattice, as well…
Abstract Acid‐catalyzed condensation of tripyrranes with pyrrole‐2,5‐dicarboxaldehydes, followed by oxidation with an electron‐deficient quinone, affords porphyrin products in excellent yields. This previously little used methodology has now been exploited in the synthesis of novel porphyrin structures, including tetr…