Materials Literature
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We propose a spin current diode which can work even in a small applied bias condition (the linear-response regime). The prototypal device consists of a hornlike electron waveguide with Rashba spin-orbit interaction, which is connected to two leads with different widths. It is demonstrated that when electrons are incid…
The suitability of the Green--Kubo method for predicting the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites is assessed by studying model Lennard-Jones superlattices. Good agreement is found when comparing the predicted cross-plane thermal conductivities to independent predictions from the direct method. The link between the…
Surfaces exhibiting complex topographies, such as those encountered in biology, give rise to an enormously rich variety of interfacial morphologies of a liquid to which they are exposed. In the present article, we elaborate on some basic mechanisms involved in the statics and dynamics of such morphologies, focusing on…
Luminescent perovskite nanosheets were prepared by exfoliation of single- or double-layered perovskite oxides, K2Ln2Ti3O10, KLnNb2O7, and RbLnTa2O7 (Ln: lanthanide ion). The thickness of the individual nanosheets corresponded to those of the perovskite block in the parent layered compounds. Intense red and green emiss…
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful tool for surface and interface analysis, providing the elemental composition of surfaces and the local chemical environment of adsorbed species. Conventional XPS experiments have been limited to ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions due to a short mean free path of elec…
We have investigated the paraelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition of various sizes of nanocrystalline barium titanate (BaTiO3) by using temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Synchrotron X-ray scattering has been used to elucidate the room temperature structures of particles…
Advanced fission and future fusion energy will require new high-performance structural alloys with outstanding properties that are sustained under long-term service in ultrasevere environments, including neutron damage producing up to 200 atomic displacements per atom and, for fusion, 2000 appm of He. Following a brie…
The intrinsic slow growth of nitrifying bacteria and their high sensitivity to environmental perturbations often result in cell growth inhibition by toxicants. Nanoparticles are of great concern to the environment because of their small size and high catalytic properties. This work sought to determine size-dependent i…
Since the invention of the pneumatic tire, fillers have played an important role in tire performance, alongside that of the polymer. The introduction of carbon black as a reinforcing filler early in the last century was possibly the most important single advance ever in tire technology. It provided about a 10-fold inc…
Nitrogen containing carbon nanotubes have been synthesized using a variety of templates. The hydrogen absorption capacity of these materials has been evaluated. The study shows that it is necessary to stabilize nitrogen in the carbon nanotube framework for reproducible hydrogen uptake. The role of nitrogen is to activ…
Abstract The thermal degradation behavior of poly (vinyl chloride), PVC, in presence of poly( N ‐acryloyl‐ N ′‐cyanoacetohydrazide), PACAH, has been studied using continuous potentiometric determination of the evolved HCl gas from the degradation process from one hand and by measuring the extent of discoloration of th…
Plant nutrient deficiency especially that of potassium (K) due to fixation and leaching losses poses problem in hydromorphic soils and highly weathered soils. We studied five soil profiles on the flood plain of River Niger for the distribution of potassium and their relationships with some soil properties. The propert…
Calmodulin (CaM) can bind to numerous proteins in several interaction modes. Recently a new mode of interaction was discovered, in which two CaM molecules form an X-shaped dimer and two binding sites to trap the CaM-binding domain (CBD) of calcineurin subunit A. However, the X-shaped CaM dimer alone without ligand has…
On the basis of a comparison of the dielectric normal mode relaxation times τ n of unentangled cis -1,4-polyisoprene, poly(propylene glycol), and polyoxybutylene with literature data for the shear viscosity η of polystyrene, atactic polypropylene, and polycarbonate from various sources, Ding and Sokolov [ Macromolecul…
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy (10(2)-1.9 x 10(9) Hz) and specific heat measurements have been performed on nonyloxycyanobiphenyl (9OCB) in the isotropic (I), nematic (N), and smectic A (SmA) phases confined to 200 nm diameter parallel cylindrical pores of Anopore membranes. Untreated and HTBA-treated membranes hav…
Abstract A series of photoactive polyamides (PAs) containing acetoxynaphthalamide side chain with inherent viscosities of 0.27–0.56 dl g −1 were prepared by the direct polycondensation reaction of the 5‐(3‐acetoxynaphthoylamino)isophthalic acid with various commercially available diamines by means of triphenyl phosphi…
Hollow polyhedral graphite particles with 200~400 nm in diameter have been synthesized by heating oxalic acid, ferrocene and metallic magnesium at 580 C, typically forming diamond-like octahedral structure. Combined with SEM, TEM, SAED patterns, and Raman spectroscopy, it was shown that the surface of graphite polyhed…
Bacterial poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) vary in the composition of their monomeric units. Besides saturated side-chains, unsaturated ones can also be found. The latter leads to unwanted by-products (THF ester, secondary alcohols) during acidic cleavage of the polymer backbone in the conventional analytical assays. To…
Abstract Glyoxal, in the presence of base, has been used to crosslink zein in a melt process involving reaction in a melt state combined with compression molding. The resulting zein articles had improved tensile strength, increasing from 34.3 to 40.6 MPa, when the amount of glyoxal was 6% by zein weight. Reduced solub…
The effective attenuation length (EAL) of low-energy electrons in CoO is investigated by photoemission spectroscopy experiments $(5\ensuremath{\le}h\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\le}19\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV})$ by measuring the Ag Fermi-edge signal through a CoO overlayer of increasing thickness. The EAL i…