Materials Literature
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We report detailed measurements of the electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and differential scanning calorimetry across the metal-insulator (MI) transition ( T MI ≊205 K) of NdNiO 3 . As in the isostructural oxide PrNiO 3 , the transition is extremely hysteretic, consistent with the first-order character of t…
An expression for the electron-phonon coupling strength in fullerene nanotubules is derived within the tight-binding model. It is shown that the interaction of electrons with longitudinal acoustic phonons gives rise to intraband scattering but not to interband scattering; the reverse is true for interaction of electro…
A zero-field spontaneous relaxor-ferroelectric transition is reported in Pb(Sc0.5Ta0.5)O3 (PST). This behavior is different from that of other relaxors, where such transitions occur only under the field. A highly disordered PST that has the wide relaxation spectrum typical of relaxors is shown to transform spontaneous…
The spectral quantum efficiency in ReS2 heterodiodes was measured in the wavelength region between 600 and 850 nm. Anisotropy effects in the van der Waals plane were observed by means of linearly polarized light at normal incidence to the (001) plane of ReS2 single crystals. The anisotropy in quantum efficiency reache…
Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy has been used to identify microcrystalline diamond films produced by laser ablation of graphite. The production of the diamond phase results from varying the deposition geometry and parameters from those of an earlier configuration that produced diamondlike carbon films. A complete st…
Abstract The thermal degradation of poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) (PVP) was studied by dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in the range 200–600°C under nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres at various heating rates. The apparent activation energy of the degradative process was determined by the application of kinetic t…
We report on the optical response of size selected Ag2, Ag3, Au2, and Au3 embedded in argon matrices. Cluster samples were investigated in situ by excitation, fluorescence, and absorption spectroscopy. The spectra for the dimers are in agreement with previous measurements made on conventionally prepared matrices. Our…
Electron-electron and electron-phonon thermalization processes are investigated in gold films using a high-sensitivity multiple-wavelength femtosecond pump-probe technique. A nonequilibrium electron distribution is excited by free-carrier absorption of an infrared femtosecond pulse and its relaxation dynamics followed…
Film-thickness profiles obtained in pulsed-laser deposition are calculated by using the well-known solution of the gas-dynamic equations which describes the expansion of the plasma plume in vacuum. The time for plasma formation is supposed to be short compared with the time of expansion. The film profile depends on th…
The luminescence in the visible range of porous silicon is analyzed in the hypothesis of quantum confinement. We calculate the electronic and optical properties of silicon crystallites and wires with sizes between 0 and 4.5 nm. The band-gap energies of such confined systems are in agreement with the photon energies ob…
Details are given of an experimental study of field emission characteristics of diamond-coated Mo electrodes: in particular, a transparent anode imaging technique was used to monitor the spatial distribution of the individual emission centres. This study has revealed the important fact that substantial emission can be…
The results of a high resolution photoemission study of the Be(0001) surface carried out at temperatures between 100 and 450 K are reported. At 100 K, three distinctly shifted Be 1s levels, exhibiting shifts of -825, -570, and -265 meV, are revealed and interpreted to originate from the three outermost atomic layers.…
Photoinduced poling (PIP) is a new technique which allows the room-temperature preparation of guest/host polymer films exhibiting significant polar order for nonlinear optical applications. We report a comparison of this novel technique with the conventional electrode poling procedure performed at the glass transition…
Characterization of the arc-discharge deposits at the cathode from anodes containing yttrium oxide and titanium by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction shows different results with respect to an encapsulation of the metal carbides into carbon clusters. Yttrium carbide is encapsulated into carbon nano…
The defect properties of as-etched and annealed porous silicon are studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). The paramagnetic defect observed is closely related to the Pb0 center at the Si/SiO2 interface. In EPR a minimum defect density of 1016 cm−3 is observed…
The steady states of a crack moving in a triangular lattice are calculated and shown to become unstable at a certain velocity.Received 16 June 1993DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.2417©1993 American Physical Society
Abstract Adsorption of polymer on filler from bulk is known to result in a partial loss of polymer solubility (“bound rubber”). The existing theories of this phenomenon were critically examined, and the random adsorption model suggested by the author was found to provide the most complete explanation of available expe…
The compressional V p and shear V s wave velocities of diopside (CaMgSi 2 O 6 ), anorthite (CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ), and grossular (Ca 3 Al 2 Si 3 O 12 ) glasses and liquids have been measured by high‐resolution Brillouin spectroscopy up to 1200 or 1400 K. For all three materials, marked breaks in the wave velocity‐temperat…
We used exact diagonalization of small clusters and exact results in various limits to determine the phase diagram and the critical exponents of the one-dimensional (1D) U-V model at quarter-filling. We found an instability of the Luttinger liquid to a charge density wave (CDW) insulator across a boundary going from (…
Abstract Films of a commercial poly(ether urethane), Pellethane 2363‐80AE, were prepared through solvent casting from dimethyl formamide. The films were grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) by a two‐step procedure. In the first step, the film surfaces were treated with hexamethylene diisocyanate in toluene in the…