Materials Literature
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Abstract Increasing the degree of crystallization of unoriented 66 or 610 nylon increases the stiffness, yield point, tensile strength, and hardness, but reduces the impact strength, particularly in the high crystallinity range. The impact strength was increased by increasing the molecular weight, but the other proper…
Abstract The bands due to stretching of OH groups of all four crystalline modifications of cellulose have been measured using a deuteration technique which enables crystalline regions to be studied independently of amorphous regions. Cellulose III prepared from cellulose I (III I ) was found to be different from cellu…
The reduction in the ionization loss of charged particles due to the polarization of the medium has been calculated using the mean excitation potentials recently determined by Caldwell. Values of the coefficients of an approximate analytic expression for the density effect correction have been obtained for a number of…
The propagation of short mechanical pulses along rods of three polymers, polythene, polystyrene and polymethylmethacrylate, has been investigated experimentally. The pulses were produced by the detonation of small quantities of explosive at one end of a rod and a condenser microphone was employed to record the displac…
The switching time ts and the switching current imax have been measured as a function of applied field E and of the size of the sample. It has been observed that the ``activation field'' α for the nucleation of new domains is inversely proportional to the thickness of the sample. This behavior can be explained by assu…
Descemet's membrane, previously thought to be "structureless," has been found to be characterized by a fine structure of great regularity. Sections perpendicular to the plane of the membrane surface appeared to be cross-striated, with narrow dark bands separated by wide light bands traversed by fine filaments. Tangent…
Activation cross sections for about thirty products of high-energy proton-induced disintegration of ${\mathrm{U}}^{238}$ and ${\mathrm{Th}}^{232}$ have been measured by the radiochemical method. These products range from polonium ($Z=84$) to neptunium ($Z=93$). The energy dependence of some of these cross sections has…
Abstract Results of earlier investigations of dynamic yield phenomena are reviewed. Experiments are described in which a mild steel specimen is subjected a to compressive impact load causing yield in 25 to 30μs. Stress-time curves are obtained and analyzed in terms of wave propagation, and a dynamic stress-strain rela…
Abstract The oxidation of electrolytically polished aluminium single-crystal surfaces, presenting (100), (110) and (111) faces, has been studied in dry oxygen at 20° C and 760 mm Hg and in 80% saturated oxygen at 25° C and 760 mm Hg; three methods (anodic polarization, electron diffraction and capacity) have been empl…
Abstract Thin crystals of copper and platinum phthalocyanine have been studied in the transmission electron microscope. The (20T) planes of the crystal lattice have been resolved and the distance between them (12.0 + 0.2 A) is in close agreement with the X-ray value of 11.94 A. Imperfections in the lattice have been d…
Abstract In dealing with this problem, the cause of stress must be considered, and whether the stress remains constant, decreases, or increases as yield or creep occurs as a result of high stress. A qualitative analysis of the stress due to a maintained temperature differential in a flat bar is given for both free and…
Fluorine and iodine compounds, both organic and inorganic, were tested as flame retardants for cotton. Comparison with bromine and chlorine compounds showed that the effectiveness of the halogens, on an equal weight basis, increases in the order. fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, with the last two about equally eff…
Abstract Es wird die Beobachtung einer Umwandlung α‐Al 2 O 3 in β‐Al 2 O 3 beschrieben. Maßgebend hierfür ist der durch eine Flußsäurebehandlung auftretende Chiolith, 3AlF 3 · 5NaF, welcher beim Erhitzen zusammen mit dem Korund unter Bildung von β‐Al 2 O 3 reagiert. Die Untersuchungen sind außer an Pulvern auch an Ein…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal Degradation of Unvulcanized and Vulcanized Rubber in VacuumSidney Straus and S. L. MadorskyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1956, 48, 7, 1212–1219Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1956https://pubs.ac…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSwelling of Silicone ElastomersR. L. Hauser, Charles Walker, and F. L. KilbourneCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1956, 48, 7, 1202–1208Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization and Depolymerization Phenomena in Phosphate–Metaphosphate Systems at Higher Temperatures. IV. Condensation Reactions of Alkali Metal Hydrogen PhosphatesR. K. Osterheld and M. M. MarkowitzCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1956, 60, 7, 863–867Publication Date (Print):Ju…
Abstract Fibers containing both polyacrylonitrile and silk have been spun using an aqueous solution of ZnCl 2 (56% ZnCl 2 by weight) as solvent. The relative polymer proportions ranged from 100% polyacrylonitrile to 20% polyacrylonitrile. The conditions under which the fibers were spun are discussed, as are the result…
Forty-three cottons, varying extensively in fiber properties, were used to show the relationship between cotton fiber properties, particularly fiber bundle break elongation, and the properties of a coarse and medium yarn. In addition, there are presented some practical aspects of a speculative nature based on the resu…
The influence of the time-dependent quadrupole interaction in various liquid sources of ${\mathrm{In}}^{111}$ on the directional correlation of the ${\mathrm{Cd}}^{111}$ gamma rays has been investigated quantitatively. By using the technique of delayed correlation measurements the characteristic interaction (relaxatio…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeat of Formation of Solid and Liquid Binary Alloys of Copper with Cadmium, Indium, Tin and Antimony at 450°O. J. KleppaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1956, 60, 7, 852–858Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1…